Telemetry Med Surg Exam 3
1. Sinus Node (SA Node): - The natural pacemaker of the heart. Its cell membrane properties cause it to spontaneously
depolarize, generating impulses at a rate of 60-100 times per minute.
2. Atrioventricular Node (AV Node): - Acts as a resistor, slowing down the elec...
Telemetry Med Surg Exam 3
1. Sinus Node (SA Node):
- The natural pacemaker of the heart. Its cell membrane properties cause it to spontaneously
depolarize, generating impulses at a rate of 60-100 times per minute.
2. Atrioventricular Node (AV Node):
- Acts as a resistor, slowing down the electrical impulse from the atria to allow for complete atrial
contraction before initiating ventricular contraction. It serves as a backup pacemaker if the SA node fails,
pacing at a rate of 40-60 times per minute.
3. Bundle of His:
- A bundle of specialized fibers that passes through the fibrous sheath separating the atria and
ventricles. It divides into the left and right bundle branches.
4. Bundle Branches:
- Branches or "wires" that transmit the electrical signal down the septum and into the ventricles. There
are two left bundle branches and one right bundle branch.
5. Purkinje Fibers:
, - Terminal fibers that extend from the bundle branches, spreading the electrical impulse throughout
the ventricles to coordinate ventricular contraction.
6. Intranodal Pathways:
- Specialized pathways that allow rapid transmission of the electrical impulse within the atria,
facilitating synchronized contraction of the atria.
7. Impulse Vectors:
- The path along which the electrical impulse travels through the heart, starting from the SA node,
through the atria, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers, ensuring coordinated
heart contraction.
The depolarization wave in the ventricles also travel in specific directions forming vectors. Because the
left ventricle has a bigger muscle mass, the wave of depolarization (starts in mid septum) is greater than
the right and is represented as a bigger vector.
which ventricle has bigger muscle mass
left ventricle
, degree of perpendicular
If the current is running at an angle to the field, the angulation is seen as so much positive and so much
negative depending on how parallel and perpendicular the current vector is to the field. The degree of
perpendicular can also be seen as a decrease in amplitude only.
leads
PQRST
P wave
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