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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF HUMAN DISEASE 1ST EDITION SORENSON TEST BANK
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF HUMAN DISEASE 1ST EDITION SORENSON TEST BANKPathophysiology: Concepts of Human Disease (Sorenson)
Chapter 2 Genetics, Genomics, and Epigenomics
1) The community health nurse is planning a program for a local health fair on genetics and
health, using Healthy People 2020 goals. Which concepts should guide the nurse's planning for
the program?
A) People should know their family health history.
B) All people should have genetic testing done.
C) Genetic testing determines what diseases a person will develop.
D) All diseases have a genetic basis.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Research substantiates the benefits of taking a family health history and the use
of genetic and genomic tests to identify risk factors, diagnose disease, and guide the use of
screening tests and treatment options.
B) Research substantiates the benefits of taking a family health history and the use of genetic and
genomic tests to identify risk factors, diagnose disease, and guide the use of screening tests and
treatment options. If a family history does not suggest the presence of genomic and genomic risk
factors, genetic testing is not indicated.
C) Research substantiates the benefits of taking a family health history and the use of genetic and
genomic tests to identify risk factors, diagnose disease, and guide the use of screening tests and
treatment options. Having a risk factor for a disease does not mean that the person will develop
the disease.
D) Although not all diseases have a genetic basis, genomics plays a role in 9 out of 10 of the
leading causes of death, including heart dNiUseRaSsIeN,GcTaBn.cCeOr,Mstroke, diabetes, and Alzheimer's
disease. Genomics also plays a role in a variety of neuromuscular, immune, vision, and hearing
disorders.
Page Ref: 24
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need & Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Standards: Nursing Process: Planning | Learning Outcome: 2.1 Describe the impact of genetics,
genomics, and epigenomics on personalized healthcare, and explain the concepts related to them.
| QSEN Competencies: I.C.10 Value active partnership with patients or designated surrogates in
planning, implementation, and evaluation of care | AACN Essential Competencies: VII.1 Assess
protective and predictive factors, including genetics, which influence the health of individuals,
families, groups, communities and populations
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and
quality and safe patient care
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 1: Recognize the concepts and relationships of human genetics,
genomics, and epigenomics.
1
.
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF HUMAN DISEASE 1ST EDITION SORENSON TEST BANK
2) Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to make to a patient newly
diagnosed with colorectal cancer?
A) "There is no need for genetic testing as you have already been diagnosed with colorectal
cancer."
B) "With genetic testing, family members will not need colonoscopies."
C) "Genetic testing will help identify familial colorectal cancer syndromes."
D) "Family members will be able to determine if they will get colon cancer."
Answer: C
Explanation: A) One objective of Healthy People 2020 related to genomics is to "increase the
proportion of persons with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer who receive genetic testing to
identify familial colorectal cancer syndromes." One purpose of this objective is to increase the
early diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic individuals with colorectal cancer, thereby
improving survival. Another purpose is to identify individuals at risk who need more frequent
screening, such as colonoscopy.
B) One objective of Healthy People 2020 related to genomics is to "increase the proportion of
persons with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer who receive genetic testing to identify familial
colorectal cancer syndromes." One purpose of this objective is to increase the early diagnosis and
treatment of asymptomatic individuals with colorectal cancer, thereby improving survival.
Another purpose is to identify individuals at risk who need more frequent screening, such as
colonoscopy.
C) One objective of Healthy People 2020 related to genomics is to "increase the proportion of
persons with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer who receive genetic testing to identify familial
colorectal cancer syndromes." One purpose of this objective is to increase the early diagnosis and
treatment of asymptomatic individuals,with corectal cancer thereby improving survival. Another
purpose is to identify individuals at risk who need more frequent screening, such as colonoscopy.
D) One objective of Healthy People 2020 related to genomics is to "increase the proportion of
persons with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer who receive genetic testing to identify familial
colorectal cancer syndromes." One purpose of this objective is to increase the early diagnosis and
treatment of asymptomatic individuals with colorectal cancer, thereby improving survival.
Another purpose is to identify individuals at risk who need more frequent screening, such as
colonoscopy.
Page Ref: 24
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need & Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Standards: Nursing Process: Implementation | Learning Outcome: 2.1 Describe the impact of
genetics, genomics, and epigenomics on personalized healthcare, and explain the concepts
related to them. | QSEN Competencies: I.B.10 Engage patients or designated surrogates in active
partnerships that promote health, safety and well-being, and self-care management | AACN
Essential Competencies: IX. 2. Recognize the relationship of genetics and genomics to health,
prevention, screening, diagnostics, prognostics, selection of treatment, and monitoring of
treatment effectiveness, using a constructed pedigree from collected family history information
as well as standardized symbols and terminology
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and
quality and safe patient care
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 3: Examine genetic factors and disorders and how they affect
individual health.
2
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF HUMAN DISEASE 1ST EDITION SORENSON TEST BANK
3) Which concept does the nurse use when explaining the inheritance of genetic disorders to a
couple beginning to think about starting a family?
A) Humans have 46 pairs of chromosomes.
B) Egg and sperm cells each have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
C) Males have two X chromosomes.
D) A person inherits one chromosome from a chromosome pair from each parent.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes in most cells of the body, which are
grouped in 23 pairs. Think of them as 23 pairs of shoes, with a total of 46 shoes.
B) Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes in most cells of the body, which are grouped in 23
pairs. Think of them as 23 pairs of shoes, with a total of 46 shoes. For each pair of chromosomes,
an individual inherits one chromosome from each parent.
C) The 23rd pair are the sex chromosomes and are designated either X or Y. Individuals with
two X chromosomes are female, and those with an X chromosome and a Y chromosome are
male.
D) Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes in most cells of the body, which are grouped in 23
pairs. Think of them as 23 pairs of shoes, with a total of 46 shoes. For each pair of chromosomes,
an individual inherits one chromosome from each parent.
Page Ref: 26
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need & Sub: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Standards: Nursing Process: Implementation | Learning Outcome: 2.2 Identify components of
the genetic code and the organization of genes on chromosomes. | QSEN Competencies: I.B.10
Engage patients or designated surrogatesNiUnRaScItNivGeTpBa.CrtOnM
erships that promote health, safety and
well-being, and self-care management | AACN Essential Competencies: IX.7. Provide
appropriate patient teaching that reflects developmental stage, age, culture, spirituality, patient
preferences, and health literacy considerations to foster patient engagement in their care
NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Relationships between knowledge/science and
quality and safe patient care
MNL Learning Outcome: LO 2: Consider gene replication, transcription, translation and their
impact on health.
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