DIT 121 Ch 1-4 (Exam 1) 100% Correct Verified 2024 Version
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Name the six classes of nutrients and their major functions -
1. carbs (provides energy)
2. protein (helps restore muscle fibers and regulate digestion and energy metabolism)
3. lipids/fats (highest caloric value of energy)
4. water (carries several minerals and transports vital materials to c...
DIT 121 Ch 1-4 (Exam 1) 100% Correct |
Verified | 2024 Version
Name the six classes of nutrients and their major functions - ✔✔
1. carbs (provides energy)
2. protein (helps restore muscle fibers and regulate digestion and energy metabolism)
3. lipids/fats (highest caloric value of energy)
4. water (carries several minerals and transports vital materials to cells & carries waste away from cells)
5. vitamins (facilitate the release of energy from carbs, fat and protein)
6. minerals (found in teeth and bone and in fluids in the body)
What is an essential nutrient? - ✔✔nutrient obtained from outside the body (from food) because the
body can't make it for itself
Why is alcohol not considered a nutrient? - ✔✔empty kcals; doe snot provide beneficial nutrients
Calculate carb/protein/fat from food - ✔✔Multiply number of grams by 4/4/9 kcal/g then add results
together for food total
What does DV represent? - ✔✔daily value
What does DRI represent? - ✔✔dietary reference intake: standards that represent amounts of energy,
nutrients, and other dietary components & physical activity that best support health
What does AI represent? - ✔✔adequate intakes: average amount of a nutrient that a group of healthy
people consumes
What does RDA represent? - ✔✔recommended dietary allowances: recommended intake for everybody
, What does UL represent? - ✔✔tolerable upper intake levels: the point at which too much nutrient intake
can become toxic
What food groups do the "ChooseMyPlate" represent? - ✔✔Four sections on a plate with fruits, veggies,
grains and protein with each section varying in size
How many servings of whole grains are recommended each day? - ✔✔3-6oz or at least half
Trace the major steps of digestion - ✔✔stomach > esophagus > stomach > small intestine > large
intestine > rectum
Major fxns of digestion - ✔✔1. Mouth - during chewing, teeth crush large pieces of food into small
pieces. Saliva contains carbohydrase that starts to break down food. Food that is chewed and swallowed
is called a bolus.
2. Stomach - retains bolus while in its upper portion. Stomach slowly transfers pieces to its lower portion
adding juices to it adn grinding it to a semiliquid mass called chyme. Small amounts of chyme get
released into small intestine.
3. Small intestine - where most nutrient absorption takes place
4. Large intestine - withdraws water from chyme for easier excretion
Where is the major site of nutrient digestion/absorption? - ✔✔small intestine
Which digestive enzyme breaks down carbohydrates? - ✔✔carbohydrase
Which digestive enzyme breaks down proteins? - ✔✔protease
Which digestive enzyme breaks down lipids? - ✔✔lipase
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