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SPCE 611 Exam 1 Questions & answers with Complete solutions | Latest edition
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SPCE 611 Exam 1 Questions & answers with Complete solutions | Latest edition
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SPCE 611 Exam 1Description - CORRECT ANSWER-The level of investigation that involves the
collection of facts about observed events that can be quantified, classified, and
examined for possible relations with other known facts, and often suggests
hypotheses or questions for additional research. P. 3
Prediction - CORRECT ANSWER-The level of investigation that demonstrates
correlation between events and is based on repeated observations. P. 3
Control - CORRECT ANSWER-The level of investigation in which functional
relations can be derived. P. 4
Overall Goal of Science - CORRECT ANSWER-To achieve a thorough
understanding of the phenomenon under study. P. 3
Functional Relation - CORRECT ANSWER-Specific change in the dependent
variable can reliably be produced by specific manipulations in the independent
variable, and the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result
of confounding variables. P. 4
Determinism - CORRECT ANSWER-This is the assumption upon which science
is predicated, the idea that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all
phenomena occur as the result of other events. P. 5
Empiricism - CORRECT ANSWER-The practice of objective observation of the
phenomena of interest; objective observations are "independent of the individual
prejudices, tastes, and private opinions of the scientist... Results of empirical
methods are objective in that they are open to anyone's observation and do not
depend on the subjective belief of the individual scientist" P. 5
Experiment - CORRECT ANSWER-A carefully conducted comparison of some
measure of the phenomenon of interest (the dependent variable) under two or
more different conditions in which only one factor at a time (the independent
variable) differs from one condition to another. P. 6
, Experimental analysis of behavior - CORRECT ANSWER-This is the branch of
behavior analysis that focuses on basic research. P.11
Replication - CORRECT ANSWER-The repeating of experiments to determine
the reliability and usefulness of findings. Includes the repetition of independent
variable conditions within experiments. Method for which mistakes are
discovered
P. 6
Parsimony - CORRECT ANSWER-This is the idea that simple, logical
explanations must be ruled out, experimentally or conceptually, before more
complex or abstract explanations are considered. P.6
Philosophic Doubt - CORRECT ANSWER-Requires the scientist to continually
question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact. P. 6
Science - CORRECT ANSWER-A systematic approach to the understanding of
natural phenomena--as evidenced by description, prediction, and control---that
relies on determinism as its fundamental assumption, empiricism as its prime
directive, experimentation as its basic strategy, replication as its necessary
requirement for believably, parsimony as its conservative value, and philosophic
doubt as its guiding conscience.
Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER-The philosophy of a science of behavior. P.
7
Three-term contingency - CORRECT ANSWER-The S-R-S model of psychology.
P. 10
Operant Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER-Behaviors is shaped through the
consequence that immediately follow it. P. 10
B. F. Skinner - CORRECT ANSWER-This person is considered to be the founder
of experimental analysis of behavior.
Hypothetical Constructs - CORRECT ANSWER-A presumed but unobserved
process or entity. P. 10
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