University of Texas: Rhetoric 321|40 Questions And Answers|2022
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University of Texas: Rhetoric 321
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University Of Texas: Rhetoric 321
What is the Creation Myth? - ️️Story about how rhetoric got started. Started when tyrants got overthrown so that citizens could regain their lands. Corax is the father of rhetoric. 500ish B.C.E.
What is the correlation between Rhetoric and Democracy? - ️️Rhetoric and Democracy lie under an...
What is the Creation Myth? - ✔ ✔ Story about how rhetoric got started. Started when tyrants got
overthrown so that citizens co uld regain their lands. Corax is the father of rhetoric. 500ish B.C.E.
What is the correlation between Rhetoric and Democracy? - ✔ ✔ Rhetoric and Democracy lie under
anti-foundationalism. Democracy is not the best way to choose a ruler. "Majority rules" is a false
ideology since the majority can have a wrong definition of truth. Likewise rhetoric is "an amoral art that
can be used for good or bad". Neither seek the absolute truth.
To disagree with the above: I think what FB is looking for is more that as democracy emerged in Greece,
they formed huge courts of 500 to vote on issues. In such a large group, not everyone can speak on
every issue. The word "rhetor" begin to refer to those who were knowledgeable and skilled in speaking,
i.e., "political experts ." These rhetors would make their case for one side or another of an issue, and
then the court of 500 would vote.
What is the correlation between Rhetoric and Ethics? - ✔ ✔ Ethics is a mode of inquiry and relates to
critical thinking, the relationship betw een and among rhetoric, and it opens up the act of
communication to ethical inquiry. Ethics are also important in both rhetoric and persuasion. People tend
to feel better about making ethically sound decisions, and it is often easy to attack ethically
ques tionable positions. Demonstrating the ethical importance of adapting a certain position, regardless
of the logic of the position, can give a great deal of credit to an argument.
-- EX: Aristotle saw rhetoric as amoral, to be used as either good or bad. (a s a student of Plato, this was
unheard of for his time - Plato couldn't conceive the idea that teaching people with no use of personal
or communal growth)
Whereas Cicero (and Quintilian and Isocrates(?)) saw rhetoric and ethics as intertwined and dependa nt
on each other. The ideal orator was one who was knowledgeable on the issue, had good judgment, and
spoke well. A speaker without virtue could not be effective.
How are Rhetoric and Truth, Contingency and Practical Wisdom intertwined? - ✔ ✔ Rhetoric does
not prioritize or restricts itself to the "TRUTH" —Sure, in the view of Plato only. But Plato sucks; he hated
rhetoric. Others, like Aristotle, saw rhetoric as subordinate to philosophical dialectic yet still not
divorced entirely from the truth: "rhetori c is the art of discovering all available means of persuasion on a
given topic" (paraphrased). Then we have Cicero, who believed that rhetoric and philosophy should
never have been split apart, and should exist as one discipline devoted to practical wisdom and civic
involvement.
Who was Corax and what did he believe in? - ✔ ✔ "Doctrine of General Probability": people are
inclined to believe what they think is "likely" to be true. Dealt with probabilities as opposed to facts.
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Example: The premise of a small man accused of attacking a large man. 1st teacher of Rhetoric, although
no written evidence by him, but OF him (around 500 BCE). He was a logographer (person who writes
speeches for someone else to deliver. Most speeches have form of persuasion.
Who was Pl ato and what were his beliefs? - ✔ ✔ "the art of winning the soul by discourse."
Phaedrus. 360 B.C.E.
In Phaedrus, Plato reconciles his theory of Forms —-the ideal of something, e.g., Justice, Truth, etc —-
with rhetoric. The "True Rhetoric" could never per suade the listener of something that is not true and
just. If it did, it would not be True Rhetoric. -This per Dr. FB after class on Tuesday. Seek through the
means of thought in a world of forms = how to get to absolute truth. Believed people should be in a
relationship with a wise leader & a wise leader would be a philosopher. Believed Clergies needed to
know great classical texts in order to be able to obtain knowledge & you arrive at new knowledge by
taking major and minor ideas of texts to gain a usefu l conclusive summary from them. The idea of
gaining knowledge in ways outside of text was not understood or really accepted.
Who was Aristotle and what were his beliefs? - ✔ ✔ "The faculty of discovering in any particular case
all of the available means of persuasion." Rhetoric. 350 B.C.E.
Ethos, pathos, logos. Seeking the positive of an argument and displaying it as well as possible by
understanding your audience. Knowing BOTH/all sides of an issue, so that if an argument is brought
against you, you know h ow to defeat it (assuming yours is the best/most true).
Who was Quintillian and what were his beliefs? - ✔ ✔ "The art of the good man speaking well."
Institutes of Oratory.
Speech must treat that which is just and honorable, or is to be opposed.
The spea ker must be free from all vice, be a lover of wisdom, believe in his cause with full sincerity, and
be a servant of state and its people.
Who was Gorgias and what were his beliefs? - ✔ ✔ "Speech is a powerful master and achieves the
most divine feats with the smallest and least evident body. It can stop fear, relieve pain, create joy, and
increase pity. Encomium of Helen.
Speech is persuasive. Gorgias would state counter arguments and disseminate each one to persuade his
audience that Helen was not at faul t for the Trojan War. Does not seek the TRUTH and is part of anti -
foundationalism.
Who was Protagoras and what where his beliefs? - ✔ ✔ "Man is the measure of all things, of those
that are in so far as they are, and those that are not in so far they are no t." Fragment I.
The individual human being is the ultimate source of value instead of a god or an unchanging moral law.
Hence there is no absolute truth, but that which individuals deem to be the truth. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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