Extrensic (control of BF) - ANS-Vasoconstriction
Symathetic nervous system (smooth muscle)
Norepinephrine- - ANS-One of the catecholamines
Intrinsic- - ANS-Autoregulation
Maintaining a constant flow regardless of changes in arterial pressure
, Blood clots composed of - ANS-Aggregated platelets
Clotting factors
Fibrin
(adhere to vessel wall)
Blood clots form where? - ANS-1.In chambers of the heart (dysrythmia, valve damage or
replacement)
2.Form in arterial or peripheral circulatory system
3.From dehydration or drugs
Pathogenesis of blood clots: - ANS-1.Arterial- May reduce flow (turbulence)
Distal ischemia
2.Venous-Clot alters venous return
Impairs removal of metabolic waste
Produces swelling (edema)
If inflammation occurs (phlebitis) causing a thrombusthrombophlebitits
Clinical manifestations of thrombus - ANS-1.Arterial- intermittent claudication*
Cool to touch
Cyanotic
Arterial ulcer-late
2.Venous-May be asymptomatic to life threatening (PE)
Calf or groin tenderness
Swelling
Increased skin temp
Homan sign (10%)
Treatment of thrombus: - ANS-PREVENTION!
1.Medical: oral or parental coagulants
Drugs to block platelet aggregration
Antiembolic stockings
Sequential compression devices (SCDs)
Early ambulation
2.Surgical: Removal of the thrombus
Blood vessel obstructions
Embolus-traveling blood clot etiology: - ANS-1.Dislodged thrombus from heart
From aorta in cerebral artery (stroke)
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