cse 6250
The 4 V's of Data - ANS-Volume (amount of data)
Variety
Velocity (real time data)
Veracity (noise, missing data, errors)
Predictive Modeling Pipeline - ANS-1. Prediction Target
2. Cohort Construction
3. Feature Construction
4. Feature Selection
5. Predictive Model
6. Performance Evaluation
New cases of heart failure that occurs each year in the US - ANS-550,000
Prospective vs Retrospective Studies - ANS-Prospective: Identify cohort -> collect data
Retrospective: Collect data -> identify cohort
Case patients - ANS-have the condition you're trying to predict
Mapreduce - ANS-It is:
- a programming model where the developer can specify parallel computation algorithms
- an execution environment (hadoop is the Java implementation of MapReduce and HDFS)
- a software package
Mapreduce system - ANS-has 2 components - mappers, and reducers
all the data with be partitioned and processed by multiple mappers (and it pre-aggregates the
data)
shuffle stage - mapper results are sent to the reducers
the reducers process the intermediate (mapper) results (ex. one reducer for heart disease,
another for cancer, etc.)
, Mapreduce fault recovery - ANS-if mapper 2 fails during execution of the mapreduce program,
then the mapreduce system will restart mapper 2 and go through the same workload again to
make sure it doesn't fail
(this same process happens for reducers)
Mapreduce KNN - ANS-Map()
Input:
- all points
- query point p
Output:
- k nearest neighbors
Emit the k closest points to p
Reduce() - goes through all the local nearest neighbors to identify the global nearest neighbors
to p
Input:
- key: null
- values: local neighbors
- query point p
Output:
- k nearest neighbots
Emit the k closest points to p among all local neighbors
Mapreduce linear regression - ANS-see notes
Limitations of MapReduce - ANS-MapReduce is not optimized for iteration and multi-stage
computation
- Logistic regression is hard to implement
Iterative batch gradient descent is hard to implement in MapReduce (it's not efficient)
Uniformly-distributed keys (if it is skewed, then one reducer has to do almost all the jobs)
No synchronization needed (the only synchronization MapReduce has is between map and
reduce phase)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Hkane. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.