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XI Phy New Chap-13 Oscillations (68 A&R Items).
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Spread the Happiness. Assertion and Reason Statements Feedback: 9008271516XI_Phy_New_Chap-13 _ OSCILLATIONS
S# Correct Assertion Correct Reason
13.1 INTRODUCTION; 13.2 PERIODIC AND OSCILLATORY MOTIONS
Periodic motion repeats at fixed time intervals (T). Repetition at a constant interval (T) defines periodic
1
motion.
Oscillatory motion is a back-and-forth motion Back-and-forth movement distinguishes it from other
2
around a mean position, and it's periodic. periodic motions.
Every oscillatory motion is periodic due to its Inherent back-and-forth motion inherently fulfills the
3
inherent back-and-forth nature. criteria for periodic repetition.
Not all periodic motions are oscillatory (e.g., Some periodic motions lack the characteristic back-and-
4 circular motion lacks back-and-forth movement). forth movement.
Oscillation and vibration describe the same The text suggests a link between oscillation (lower
5 phenomenon, possibly with a frequency frequency) and vibration (higher frequency) for the same
distinction. motion.
The period (T) represents the time for one Period (T) defines the time to complete a full cycle and
6
complete cycle of a periodic motion. return to the starting point.
Frequency (f) relates to the period (T) via f = 1/T, This formula (f = 1/T) connects frequency and period,
7 highlighting repetitions within a specific time emphasizing how repetitions occur within a specific time
frame. frame.
Displacement in oscillation refers to the change This concept is specific to oscillatory motion, measured
8
relative to equilibrium (x). from the central (equilibrium) position.
13.3 SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Simple harmonic motion (SHM) is a periodic SHM is distinct from other periodic motions due to its
motion where displacement varies sinusoidally sinusoidal displacement function.
9
with time according to the equation x(t) = A
cos(ùt + ö).
Amplitude (A) in SHM represents the maximum The amplitude (A) signifies the maximum distance from the
10 displacement of the particle from its equilibrium mean position.
position.
SHM with varying amplitudes (A) will have The amplitude (A) determines the scale of the cosine
distinct displacement curves despite having the function, affecting the maximum displacement.
11
same angular frequency (ù) and phase constant
(ö).
The phase constant (ö) in SHM establishes the The value of ö at t = 0 sets the starting point within the
particle's initial state (position and velocity) at t = cosine function, influencing the initial position and
12
0, as reflected in the argument (ùt + ö) of the velocity.
cosine functioN.
Angular frequency (ù) in SHM is related to the A greater angular frequency (ù) implies more cycles
period (T) of motion (ù = 2π/T). A higher angular (cos(ùt)) completed within a fixed time period (T), leading to
frequency (ù) corresponds to a shorter period (T) a shorter period and higher frequency.
13 and a higher frequency of oscillations (f = 1/T) as
expressed by the formula.
13.4 SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION AND UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION
Projecting a particle's UCM on a circle's diameter The x-axis projection, x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ), defines SHM for
14 results in simple harmonic motion (SHM). a particle P moving on a circle with radius A and angular
speed ω.
UCM projections on a diameter exhibit SHM with The x-axis projection is x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ), while the y-
15 a phase difference between axes. axis projection is y(t) = A sin(ωt + φ), creating a π/2 phase
lag between the two SHMs.
UCM and SHM involve distinct forces acting on Centripetal force (F_c = mω²r) in UCM acts inwards to
the particle. maintain the circular path. A restoring force (F = -kx)
16
following Hooke's Law causes the back-and-forth motion in
SHM.
13.5 VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION IN SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
The reference circle method relates a particle's In SHM, the particle's displacement (x) corresponds to the x-
SHM to the projection of a UCM particle's motion. axis projection of a UCM particle's position. Similarly, their
17
velocities and accelerations are interrelated through
projections.
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