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NCLEX-RN Questions and 100% Correct Answers | Grade A+
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Signs of Hypoxia Ans: Restlessness and Tachycardia Potassium Ans: is excreted by the kidneys. 3.5-5.0 Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia Ans: Muscle cramping, weakness, life threatening arrhythmias (U waves, PVC's, Ventricular tachycardia) Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia Ans: Muscle twit...

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  • June 23, 2024
  • 191
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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NCLEX -RN Questions and 100% Correct Answers | Grade A+ Signs of Hypoxia Ans: Restlessness and Tachycardia Potassium Ans: is excreted by the kidneys. 3.5 -5.0 Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia Ans: Muscle cramping, weakness, life threatening arrhythmias (U waves, PVC's, Ventricular tachycardia) Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia Ans: Muscle twitching, weakness, flaccid paralysis, arrhythmias (Peak and tall T Waves, conduction block, V fib, prolong PR interval, widen QRS complex, flat or absent P waves, bradycardia) Cause of Hyperkalemia Ans: Kidney trouble, Spironolactone (Aldactone) - Makes you retain K+ Cause of Hypokalemia Ans: Vomiting, NG suction (we have lots of K+ in stomach), diuretics, Not eating ) Tx of Hypokalemia Ans: Give K+, Sprionolactone (Aldactone) makes them retain K+ , Eat more K+ Tx of Hyperkalemia Ans: Dialysis - Kidneys aren't working, Ca gluconate decreases arrhythmias, Glucose and insulin --> insulin carries glucose and K+ into the cell. Anytime you give IV insulin worry about hypoglycemia and hypokalemia, Na p olystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) which exchanges Na for K+ in the GI tract. You want to push IV fluids to prevent dehydration. Important facts on K+ Ans: Major problem with PO K+ is GI upset, Assess UP before and during IV K+ Always put IV K+ on a pum p Mix well Never give IV K+ push K+ burns during infusion so monitor IV site Food high in K+ Ans: spinach, fennel, kale, mustard greens, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, eggplant, cantaloupe, tomatoes, parsley, cucumber, bell pepper, apricots, ginger root, strawberries, avocado, banana, tuna, halibut, cauliflower, kiwi, oranges, lima beans, potatoes white and sweet, and cabbage Hypervolemia Ans: to much fluid in the vascular space Causes of hypervolemia Ans: Heart failure (heart is weak, CO down, kidne y perfusion decrease, UO decreases Renal Failure (Kidneys aren't working) meds high Na (Alka -Seltzer, fleet enema, IVF with Na) Hormonal Regulation of Fluid Volume Ans: Aldosterone (volume low, aldosterone secretion increases -> retain Na/water -> blood volume goes up Disease with too much Aldosterone Ans: Cushing; Hyperaldosterone Disease with too little aldosterone

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