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Test Bank - Pharmacology for the Primary Care Provider, 4th Edition (Edmunds, 2014), Chapter 1-73 | All Chapters

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Test Bank - Pharmacology for the Primary Care Provider, 4th Edition (Edmunds, 2014), Chapter 1-73 | All Chapters

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  • 23 juin 2024
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Contents

Chapter Pages
4. 儒家思想与治理
(1) GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY ............................................................................................... 5
PART I PHARMACOKINETICS ........................................................................................................................................ 5
• 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
PART II PHARMACODYNAMICS .................................................................................................................................... 8
• 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
(2) AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ................. 12
国家治理中的体现。
PART I LOCAL ANESTHETICS ................................................................................................................................................................................ 12
PART II CHOLINOMIMETIC DRUGS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16
5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
PART III CHOLINORECEPTOR BLOCKING DRUGS............................................................................................................................................. 19
PART IV ADRENORECEPTOR ACTIVATING DRUGS.......................................................................................................................................... 24
• 儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
PART V ADRENORECEPTOR ANTAGONIST DRUGS .......................................................................................................................................... 29

(3) • 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ........................ 34
。
PART I HYPNOTIC DRUGS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
PART II ANTISEIZURE DRUGS ............................................................................................................................................................................... 38
结论AGENTS .............................................................................................................................................................. 41
PART III ANTIPARKINSONIAN
PART IV ETHYL ALCOHOL .................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
PART V NARCOTIC ANALGESICS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 46
PART VI NON-NARCOTIC基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
ANALGESICS ............................................................................................................................................................. 49
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
PART VII ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS .................................................................................................................................................................... 51
PART VIII ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENTS ............................................................................................................................................................... 54
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
PART IX ANXIOLYTIC AGENTS ............................................................................................................................................................................ 57
PART X CNS STIMULANTS想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
.................................................................................................................................................................................... 60
行为，也影响国家政策。
PART XI DRUGS OF ABUSE .................................................................................................................................................................................... 63
PART XII GENERAL ANESTHETICS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 65
(4) ORGANOTROPIC这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
AGENTS .................................................................................................................................. 68
PART I DRUGS ACTING ON 讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ......................................................................................................................................... 68
PART II DRUGS USED IN GASTROINTESTINAL 孔子经典语录以及现代解释来进一步扩展。 DISEASES ............................................................................................................................... 70
PART III DRUGS ACTING ON HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................. 73
PART IV DRUGS USED IN如果你希望深入探讨中国文化的其他方面或 DISORDERS OF COAGULATION.............................................................................................................................. 74
PART V DRUGS USED FOR 者对题目有任何修改意见，请告诉我！
TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE ........................................................................................................................ 76
PART VI ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS ................................................................................................................................................................. 78
PART VII DRUGS FOR ANGINA PECTORIS TREATMENT ................................................................................................................................ 80
3/3
PART VIII ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS ............................................................................................................................................................. 83
PART IX HYPERTENSIVE3.5 (ANTI-HYPOTENSIVE) DRUGS. DRUGS INFLUENCING CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW. ANTI-MIGRAINE
AGENTS ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 85

(5) 4. 儒家思想与治理
METABOLIC PROFILE DRUGS .......................................................................................................................... 88
PART I HYPOTHALAMIC & PITUITARY HORMONES, THYROID & ANTITHYROID DRUGS .................................................................. 88
• 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
PART II PANCREATIC HORMONES & ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS ...................................................................................................................... 91
• 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
PART III THE GONADAL HORMONES & INHIBITORS ..................................................................................................................................... 93
国家治理中的体现。
PART IV GLUCOCORTICOID, STEROIDAL & NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS.......................................................... 95
PART V IMMUNOTROPIC & ANTIALLERGIC AGENTS .................................................................................................................................... 98
PART VI VITAMINS, VITAMIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS, ANTIVITAMINS, ENZYMES & ANTIENZYMES ................................................. 104
5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
PART VII ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC DRUGS & DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF GOUT ............................................................... 110
PART VIII AGENTS THAT AFFECT BONE MINERAL HOMEOSTASIS ....................................................................................................... 114
PART IX MINERALOCORTICOID
• , M儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
INERALOCORTICOID ANTAGONISTS, DIURETICS, PLASMA EXPANDERS ............................. 120

(6) CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
• DRUGS ....................................................................................................................... 124
。
PART I ANTIBIOTICS .................................................................................................................................................... 124
PART II SYNTHETIC ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS ....................................................................................................... 129
PART III ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS ................................................................................... 132
结论
PART IV ANTIVIRAL AGENTS. AGENTS FOR CHEMOTHERAPY OF CANCER .................................................. 135
儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
行为，也影响国家政策。

这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
Multiple choice questions
讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
Multiple choice questions

, 5
(1) GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY
4. 儒家思想与治理
PART I PHARMACOKINETICS
01. Pharmacokinetics is: • 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
a) The study of biological and therapeutic effects of drugs
b) The study of absorption, 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
• distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs
国家治理中的体现。
c) The study of mechanisms of drug action
d) The study of methods of new drug development
02. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
a) Complications of drug 儒家思想在现代的意义
5.therapy
b) Drug biotransformation in the organism
c) Influence of drugs on metabolism processes
• 儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
d) Influence of drugs on genes
02. What does “pharmacokinetics” 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
• include?
。
a) Pharmacological effects of drugs
b) Unwanted effects of drugs
c) Chemical structure of a medicinal agent
d) Distribution of drugs结论 in the organism
儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
03. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
a) Localization of drug action
b) Mechanisms of drug 基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
action
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
c) Excretion of substances
d) Interaction of substances
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
04. The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is:
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
a) Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion)
行为，也影响国家政策。
b) Filtration (aqueous diffusion)
c) Endocytosis and exocytosis
d) Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)
这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
05. What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?
a) Lipid-soluble 讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
b) Non-ionized substances
孔子经典语录以及现代解释来进一步扩展。
c) Hydrophobic substances
如果你希望深入探讨中国文化的其他方面或
d) Hydrophilic substances
06. A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property:
者对题目有任何修改意见，请告诉我！
a) Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids
b) Penetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis
c) Easy permeation through
3/3 the blood-brain barrier
d) High reabsorption in renal tubules
3.5
07. What is implied by «active transport»?
a) Transport of drugs trough a membrane by means of diffusion
4. 儒家思想与治理
b) Transport without energy consumption
c) Engulf of drug by a cell membrane with a new vesicle formation
d) Transport against concentration gradient
• 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
08. What does the term “bioavailability” mean?
• 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
a) Plasma protein binding degree of substance
b) Permeability through the brain-blood barrier
国家治理中的体现。
c) Fraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration
d) Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze
09. The reasons determing5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
bioavailability are:
a) Rheological parameters of blood
b) Amount of a substance obtained orally and quantity of intakes
c) Extent of absorption and 儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
• hepatic first-pass effect
d) Glomerular filtration rate • 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
10. Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimized:
a) Oral 。
b) Transdermal
c) Rectal 结论
d) Intraduodenal
儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
11. Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect?
a) Sublingual 基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
行为，也影响国家政策。

这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
Multiple choice questions
讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
Multiple choice questions

, 6

b) Oral
c) Intravenous 4. 儒家思想与治理
d) Intramuscular
12. What is characteristic of the oral route?
a) Fast onset of effect • 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
b) Absorption depends on•GI tract 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
secretion and motor function
c) A drug reaches the blood passing the liver
国家治理中的体现。
d) The sterilization of medicinal forms is obligatory
13. Tick the feature of the sublingual route:
a) Pretty fast absorption5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
b) A drug is exposed to gastric secretion
c) A drug is exposed more prominent liver metabolism
• in儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
d) A drug can be administrated a variety of doses
儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
14. Pick out the parenteral route• of medicinal agent administration:
a) Rectal
b) Oral 。
c) Sublingual
d) Inhalation
结论
15. Parenteral administration:
a) Cannot be used with 儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
unconsciousness patients
b) Generally results in a基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
less accurate dosage than oral administration
c) Usually produces a more rapid response than oral administration
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
d) Is too slow for emergency use
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
16. What is characteristic of the intramuscular route of drug administration?
a) Only water solutions 想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
can be injected
b) Oily solutions can be injected
行为，也影响国家政策。
c) Opportunity of hypertonic solution injections
d) The action develops slower, than at oral administration
这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
17. Intravenous injections are more suitable for oily solutions:
a) True
b) False 讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
孔子经典语录以及现代解释来进一步扩展。
18. Correct statements listing characteristics of a particular route of drug administration include all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Intravenous administration provides a rapid response
如果你希望深入探讨中国文化的其他方面或
b) Intramuscular administration requires a sterile technique
c) Inhalation provides者对题目有任何修改意见，请告诉我！
slow access to the general circulation
d) Subcutaneous administration may cause local irritation
19. Most of drugs are distributed homogeneously.
3/3
a) True
b) False 3.5
20. Biological barriers include all except:
a) Renal tubules 4. 儒家思想与治理
b) Cell membranes
c) Capillary walls
d) Placenta • 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
• 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
21. What is the reason of complicated penetration of some drugs through brain-blood barrier?
a) High lipid solubility of a drug
b) Meningitis 国家治理中的体现。
c) Absence of pores in the brain capillary endothelium
d) High endocytosis degree in a brain capillary
5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
22. The volume of distribution (Vd) relates:
a) Single to a daily dose of an administrated drug
b) An administrated dose to •a body儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
weight
c) An uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation
• 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
d) The amount of a drug in the body to the concentration of a drug in plasma
23. For the calculation of the volume。of distribution (Vd) one must take into account:
a) Concentration of a substance in plasma
b) Concentration of substance in urine
结论
c) Therapeutical width of drug action
d) A daily dose of drug 儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
24. A small amount of the volume of distribution is common for lipophylic substances easy penetrating through barriers and
widely distributing in plasma, interstitial and cell fluids:
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
行为，也影响国家政策。

这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
Multiple choice questions
讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
Multiple choice questions

, 7
a) True 4. 儒家思想与治理
b) False
25. The term “biotransformation” includes the following:
• 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
a) Accumulation of substances in a fat tissue
b) Binding of substances with 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
• plasma proteins
c) Accumulation of substances in a tissue
国家治理中的体现。
d) Process of physicochemical and biochemical alteration of a drug in the body
26. Biotransformation of the drugs is to render them:
a) Less ionized 5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
b) More pharmacologically active
c) More lipid soluble
d) Less lipid soluble • 儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
27. Tick the drug type for which•microsomal oxidation is the most prominent:
a) Lipid soluble
b) Water soluble
。
c) Low molecular weight
d) High molecular weight结论
28. Pick out the right statement:
儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
a) Microsomal oxidation always results in inactivation of a compound
b) Microsomal oxidation基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
results in a decrease of compound toxicity
c) Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of ionization and water solubility of a drug
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
d) Microsomal oxidation results in an increase of lipid solubility of a drug thus its excretion from the organism is facilitated
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
29. Stimulation of liver microsomal enzymes can:
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
a) Require the dose increase of some drugs
b) Require the dose decrease of some drugs
c) Prolong the duration 行为，也影响国家政策。
of the action of a drug
d) Intensify the unwanted reaction of a drug
30. Metabolic transformation 这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
(phase 1) is:
a) Acetylation and methylation of substances
讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
b) Transformation of substances due to oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis
c) Glucuronide formation 孔子经典语录以及现代解释来进一步扩展。
d) Binding to plasma proteins
如果你希望深入探讨中国文化的其他方面或
31. Biotransformation of a medicinal substance results in:
者对题目有任何修改意见，请告诉我！
a) Faster urinary excretion
b) Slower urinary excretion
c) Easier distribution in organism
3/3
d) Higher binding to membranes
32. Conjugation is: 3.5
a) Process of drug reduction by special enzymes
b) Process of drug oxidation by special oxidases
4. 儒家思想与治理
c) Coupling of a drug with an endogenous substrate
d) Solubilization in lipids
• 儒家政治哲学对中国政治的影响。
33. Which of the following processes proceeds in the second phase of biotransformation?
a) Acetylation • 以才能为本与裙带关系：儒家理念在
b) Reduction
c) Oxidation 国家治理中的体现。
d) Hydrolysis
34. Conjugation of a drug includes the following EXCEPT:
a) Glucoronidation
5. 儒家思想在现代的意义
b) Sulfate formation
c) Hydrolysis • 儒家思想在当代中国的复兴。
d) Methylation
• 儒家伦理在商业和社会伦理中的影响
35. Metabolic transformation and conjugation usually results in an increase of a substance biological activity:
a) True 。
b) False
36. In case of liver disorders accompanied by a decline in microsomal enzyme activity the duration of action of some drugs
is:
结论
a) Decreased 儒家思想持续是中国文化认同和社会组织的
b) Enlarged
c) Remained unchanged
基石。其对家庭动态、教育、治理和道德的
持久影响彰显了其在理解中国文明中的重要
d) Changed insignificantly
性。在中国应对现代挑战的过程中，儒家思
想的原则仍然具有重要意义，不仅塑造个人
行为，也影响国家政策。

这个大纲提供了一个系统化的方法来全面探
Multiple choice questions
讨这一主题。每个部分可以通过历史例子、
Multiple choice questions

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