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History 1301 Exam 1/48 Accurate Questions with Answers
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History 1301 Exam 1/48 AccurateQuestions with Answers
conquistador - -Spanish "conquerors"; were soldiers and explorers who led
military expeditions in the Americas, captured land for Spain, and explored
much of southeastern and southwestern present day US
-Christopher Columbus - -Italian navigator who discovered the New World in
1492 in the service of Spain while looking for a route to Asia, but found the
Bahama Islands instead
-Sir Walter Raleigh - -An English adventurer and writer, who was prominent
at the court of Queen Elizabeth I, and became an explorer of the Americas. In
1585, Raleigh sponsored the first English colony in America on Roanoke
Island in present-day North Carolina. It failed and is known as " The Lost
Colony."
-The Northwest Passage - -a sea route that connects the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago; believed to provide
shortcut from Atlantic to Pacific, searched for by Giovanni de Verrazano for
Francis I in the race to Asian wealth
-Roanoke - -Established in 1587. Called the Lost Colony. It was financed by
Sir Walter Raleigh, and its leader in the New World was John White. All the
settlers disappeared, and historians still don't know what became of them,
they became lost when ships returned to England for supplies and war broke
out between the Spanish Armada and England, preventing the ships for
returning for 3 years.
-Jamestown - -The first successful settlement in the Virginia colony founded
in May, 1607 along the James River. Harsh conditions nearly destroyed the
colony but in 1610 supplies arrived with a new wave of settlers. The
settlement became part of the Virginia Company of London in 1620. The
population remained low due to lack of supplies until agriculture was solidly
established. Jamestown grew to be a prosperous shipping port when John
Rolfe introduced tobacco as a major export and cash crop. This colony
burned to the ground twice
-Captain John Smith - -Was appointed the leadership role of the English
Jamestown settlement in 1608. Most people in the settlement at the time
were only there for personal gain and did not want to help strengthen the
settlement. Smith therefore told the people, "people who do not work do not
eat." His leadership saved the Jamestown settlement from collapsing. He
, introduced work ethic to Jamestown colony, sanitation, diplomat to local
Native American tribes; had fought Spanish and Turks
-Tobacco - -cash crop that allowed the Jamestown colony to establish
themselves
-The Middle Passage - -Transatlantic voyage slaves endured between Africa
and the colonies. Mortality rates were notoriously high.
Also: the route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and
southern U.S. that carried the slave trade
-Indentured Servants - -settlers to pay the expenses of a servant's voyage
and be granted land for each person they brought over
-English Reformation - -Similar to the protestant reformation, but Henry VIII
was a monarch primarily concerned with issues of power. Although there was
a certain theological confluence, primarily in opposition to Papal indulgences,
Henry's issues had to do (1) with his own divorce and (2) English control over
church temporalities in England.
-Iroquois League - -confederacy of the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida,
and Mohawk in New York State. The League was characterized by a non-
aggression pact between the five tribes, recognition of shared concerns, and
structures for decision-making and leadership which brought together
representatives from the five groups. To some extent, the structure and
operation of the League of the Iroquois as a form of representative
government is thought to have influenced the creation of the United States
government system.
-Puritains - -A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.
-Congregationalism - -was set up by the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay
Colony. It was a church system in which each local church served as the
center of its own community. This structure stood in contrast to the church of
England, in which the single state church held sway over all local churches.
-John Winthrop - -He was governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and led
a group of English Puritans to the New World, joined the Massachusetts Bay
Company in 1629 and was elected their governor on April 8, 1630. Between
1639 and 1648 he was voted out of governorship and re-elected a total of 12
times
-Roger Williams - -was an English theologian, a notable proponent of
religious toleration and the separation of church and state, and an advocate
for fair dealings with Native Americans. In 1644, he received a charter
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