100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Final Exam 2024 MEDSURG 2024 Questions And Upgraded Answers A Graded $11.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

Final Exam 2024 MEDSURG 2024 Questions And Upgraded Answers A Graded

1 review
 11 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • MEDSURG
  • Institution
  • MEDSURG

Fluid balance - answer--A term used to describe the balance of the INPUT and OUTPUT of fluids in the body to allow metabolic processes to function properly. Dehydration physiologic changes - answer--Assess- Skin turgor, mucus membranes Labs: BUN, electrolyte panel (Na, Cl, K), Hcg, Hbg. Diagno...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 24  pages

  • June 19, 2024
  • 24
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • MEDSURG
  • MEDSURG

1  review

review-writer-avatar

By: feelsavegrade • 3 months ago

avatar-seller
AGRADEPROMASTER
Final Exam 2024 MEDSURG 2024 Questions And Upgraded Answers A Graded Fluid balance - answer --A ter m used to describe the balance of the INPUT and OUTPUT of fluids in the body to allow metabolic processes to function properly. Dehydration physiologic changes - answer --Assess - Skin turgor, mucus membranes Labs: BUN, electrolyte panel (Na, Cl, K), Hcg, H bg. Diagnostic: Urine specific gravity Meds: Are you on a diuretic, steroid, or laxative? Plan: Give fluids Gas exchange - answer --Process by which oxygen is transported TO cells and carbon dioxide is transported FROM cells. Asthma - answer --Inflammation in the airway or bronchioles, body has a hyperactive response. REVERSIBLE because it is intermittent. Obstructs only the airways NOT the alveoli (air sacs). Can be any age, tend to see it more in young respiratory compromised, some genetic components, smo kers, allergies, exercise induced. Women are more likely (African American) COPD Pulmonary emphysema "Pink Puffer" - answer --ALVEOLAR problem, irreversible, progressive. Lungs do not inflate and deflates (overstretched balloon). Hollow sounds, floppy ALVE OLI. Holds onto CO2. Smoking is a common cause. Increased risk for infection. Pink frothy sputum (Lung tissue and blood) pneumonia - answer --Elderly, immunocompromised, immobile, smoking, recurrent infections, neurological problems (can't swallow - dysphag ia). Brush teeth, vaccines, avoid large crowds of people. Will hear crackles in a specific area, can be in both lungs or just one. Do a chest x -ray. Sputum COAT (color, odor, amount, type) Atherosclerosis risk factors - answer --NONMODIFIABLE - age, gender, genetic or familiar factors. MODIFIABLE - obesity, sedentary lifestyle, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, poorly controlled hypertension, oral contraceptives and smoking. Coronary artery disease risk factors - answer --Diabetes mellitus #1, tobacco smo king, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of premature CAD, age, leading cause of death in US, high cholesterol Hypertension risk factors - answer --Obesity, age, ethnicity, high stress, smoking and alcohol Na+ - answer --135-145 mEq/L K+ - answer --3.5-5.0 mEq/L Ca+ - answer --9.0-10.5 mEq/L Mg+ - answer --1.3-2.1 mEq/L Cl- - answer --98-106 mEq/L Phos - answer --2.5-4.5 mg/dL Bicarb - answer --Depends on scenario What affects electrolyte concentrations? - answer --Age, gender, body fat, fluid intake, fluid loss Fluid loss: Obligatory Urine Output - answer --Minimum urine amount needed to excrete toxic waste products = 400 -600 mL/day Fluid loss: Insensible Water Loss - answer --Skin, lungs, GI tract Urine output for optimal kidney functi on - answer --30 mL/hr Doughnut (cell is happy) - answer --ISO Flat object (pancake) - answer --HYPER Round object (ball or hippo) - answer --HYPO Isotonic - answer --NS (0.9%) LR Hypotonic - answer --Less than 0.9% NS -water -0.45 NS Hypertonic - answer --Greater than 0.9% NS -D5 -D10 What do you add to a flat hyper cell? - answer --Hypotonic solutions What do you add to shrink a hypo/hippo cell? - answer --Hypertonic solutions Why give fluids to a patient? - answer --To re -hydrate thei r cells and correct any fluid imbalance main problem electrolytes - answer --sodium, potassium, calcium Helper electrolytes - answer --phosphorus, magnesium, chloride Married couple electrolytes - answer --Na & Cl (deal with fluid balance) Ca & Mg (muscle functions) Follower electrolyte - answer --potassium Runner (does opposite) - answer --Phosphorus Dehydration - risk factors/population at risk - answer --elderly, babies, healthy people Most reliable indicator of fluid status - answer --WEIGHT 1 L of fluid - answer --Equates to 2.2 lbs What electrolytes would we check for fluid balance concerns? - answer --Sodium and Chloride Overhydration risk factors/population - answer --CHF, impaired kidney function, long term steroid use Overhydration physi ological changes - answer --Assess: edema, weight gain, lung crackles Labs: BUN electrolyte panel (Na, Cl, K), Hcg, Hbg Diagnostic: Urine specific gravity Meds: Are you on a diuretic, steroid, or laxative? Plan: Hypertonic fluids (D5), lasix, daily weights Hypocalcemia - answer --Trousseau's sign (blood pressure twitch) Chvostek's sign (facial twitches) While monitoring a patient who has fluid overload, which assessment is most concerning to the nurse? - answer --Crackles in the lungs

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AGRADEPROMASTER. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

71498 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$11.49
  • (1)
  Add to cart