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BONENT STAR REVEIW.
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Exam of 10 pages for the course BONENT - Reviewer at BONENT - Reviewer (BONENT STAR REVEIW.)
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BONENT STAR REVEIWWhat is the job of a Patient Care Technician (PCT)? - ANS-To monitor patient care and
assist patient in recieving safe andeffective dialysis.
What is CKD? - ANS-Chronic Kidney Disease
What is the main goal of dialysis treatment? - ANS-To acheive the highest level of
wellness possible by removing wastes and excess liquid from the blood.
Who makes up the dialysis team - ANS-Technicians,Nurses, Dieticians, Social Workers,
Doctors & Patients.
What are some factors which affect one's overall health? - ANS-Age, Activity Level,
Treatment Plan, Other Illness & Support System.
Which are the two most common types of Dialysis? - ANS-Periotoneal (PD) and
Hemodialysis (HD).
How is ESRD treated? - ANS-Dialysis
What 3 functions does dialysis replace? - ANS-1. Removes wastes from blood,
2. Removes excess fluid,
3. Balaces electrolyes.
What are electroyles? - ANS-Electrolytes are the salts in the body. The most common
salts are sodium ions, potassium ions, and chloride ions that carry an electrical charge.
Why are electrolytes important? - ANS-The electrolytes in the blood serum produce an
electrical charge, which permit cells to preform their normal functions.
what happens if the electrical charges amongst the electrolyes become unbalanced? -
ANS-The nerve and muscle cells within the body, including the brain, may fail to
conduct nerve impulses, leading to cramps and confusion. Further electrolyte
imbalances can lead to heart failure, siezures or water retention.
What is an Ion? - ANS-An electrically charged particle
, What is a dialyzer? - ANS-A synthetic or organic devise that serves as the artificial
kidney. It has a blood compartment and a dialysate compartment.
What does the dialyzer permit? - ANS-It allows for the counterflow of dialysate and
blood, which are seperated by a semipermiable membrane or hollow microfibers.
Describe the flow of fluids through the dialyzer. - ANS-Blood flows through the
microfibers (blood compartment) and dialysate flows around the microfibers (dialysate
compartment).
What is a semipermiable membrane? - ANS-A barrier with microscopic pores which
allow for the passage of some substances but not others, depending on size.
In (HD) Hemodialysis, what is the delivery system? - ANS-The dialysis machine.
What does the delivery system control? - ANS-Blood flow (Extraction and Return),
Saftey Parameters, Dialysate Mixing and the Delivery of Dialysate.
Typically, how often is HD preformed? - ANS-Three times per week, 4 hours each
treatment.
How much kidney function does (HD) dialysis replace? - ANS-About 15% of kidney
function is restored through Hemodialysis.
Can HD be done independantly at home? - ANS-Yes, short treatments 5 to 6 times per
week or longer treatments at night 3-7 days a week.
When was the first CELLULOSIC MEMBRANE used for dialysis? - ANS-In 1943, by
Willem Kolff in a rotating drum.
The greatest advancements in primitive dialysis were made during which three year
period? - ANS-The Korean War 1950-1953
Who created the "shunt"? - ANS-(1960) Dr. B. Scribner
What is a shunt? - ANS-A form of vascular acess by which the artery and vein are
linked extracorporally by a plastic tube.
Why are shunts rarely used today? - ANS-There is a high risk of infection and clotting.
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