Physical Geography - ANS-Study of natural features of the Earth, including landforms,
climate, bodies of water, biomes, soils, natural vegetation, and the impact of human
activities on the environment and ecosystems.
Reference Map - ANS-Map that displays important physical elements of a specific
geographic area.
Thematic Map - ANS-Specialized map used to understand a specific attribute or
characteristic of a geographic area.
Literal Map - ANS-Map that aims to display the objective truth about a specific
geographic area.
Figurative Map - ANS-Map that uses symbols to represent a narrative or point of view,
with less emphasis on physical accuracy compared to literal maps.
Analytical Mapping - ANS-Use of cartography techniques to uncover and study patterns
and trends in a specific geographic area.
Map Scale - ANS-Measurement on a map that corresponds to the distance on the
ground in the real world.
Representative Fraction (RF) - ANS-Description of the scale of a map using a ratio.
Small-Scale - ANS-Describes a map with a relatively small representative fraction (RF),
where the various features of the geography appear relatively small.
Large-Scale - ANS-Describes a map with a relatively large representative fraction (RF),
where the various features of the geography appear relatively large.
Coordinates - ANS-Points on a reference map that define the location of a particular
place.
, Cartesian Coordinate System - ANS-Reference system for a plane based on the work of
mathematician Rene Descartes, using X and Y axes.
Geographic Coordinate System - ANS-Reference system devised to locate particular
places on the surface of the Earth, using lines of latitude and longitude.
Longitude - ANS-Set of imaginary east-west lines that form part of the geographic
coordinate system.
Latitude - ANS-Set of imaginary north-south lines that form part of the geographic
coordinate system.
Prime Meridian - ANS-Line of longitude that passes through Greenwich, UK, serving as
the starting point for counting the rest of the lines of longitude.
Graticule - ANS-Grid pattern in the geographic coordinate system.
Projection - ANS-Method of flattening a globe into a form that can be represented on a
flat surface.
Conformal Projections - ANS-Maps that preserve angles, although not necessarily
lengths.
Equal Area Projections - ANS-Maps that preserve the relative size of land masses, but
not shape.
Equidistant Projections - ANS-Maps that preserve accurate distances from a central
point, but not shape or size.
Interrupted and Artistic Projections - ANS-Maps that blend characteristics to maintain
accuracy in distance, size, and shape, while emphasizing aesthetic beauty.
Dot Density Map - ANS-Thematic map that uses dots to represent the distribution
(density) of a particular attribute across a geographic area.
Proportional Symbol Map - ANS-Thematic map that uses symbols in different sizes to
represent the distribution (density) of a particular attribute across a geographic area.
Choropleth Map - ANS-Thematic map that uses colors to represent the distribution of a
particular attribute across a geographic area.
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