Food, Agriculture, & Land Study Guide
(Environmental Science)
Antibiotics - correct answer-Antibiotics are substances given to animals to prevent diseases
from developing in livestock. Because the drug prevents livestock from being infected, it aids
the animal to focus on maximizing their weight. The overuse of antibiotics may result in
possible infections/diseases from becoming immune to the drug and also a possibility of
getting into purchased meat which effects human health.
CAFO - correct answer-In the industrial system of MEAT production, MEAT animals are
"finished" at these large-scale facilities known as CAFOs. CAFO stands for "confined animal
feeding operations".
There mobility is restricted and are fed HIGH calorie, grain-based diet, which is OFTEN
supplements with antibiotics and hormones, to MAXIMIZE their weight gain.
Chemical Fertilizer - correct answer-Chemical fertilizers are necessary artificial fertilizers for
the production of Industrial agricultural products. The fertilizer is utilized to replenish
necessary nutrients for a crop that quickly diminishes after the crop is planted in the same
area every year. Fertilizers are associated with effecting the global climate and creating
oxygen-deprived "dead zones" at major water ways
Eutrophication - correct answer-An extreme high concentration of nutrients due to the
probably over use of fertilizers that run off into nearby bodies of water. These high
concentrations of nutrients typically secrete (produce) and enrich the body of water with
increased productions of algae and aquatic plants. This results into population depletion
(decrease) of fish species, deterioration of water quality and other effects.
Food Processing - correct answer-Food processing is the production and combination of
foods that develop into meals or goods that are simple and fast to prepare/eat. (Ex:
Maruchan, Takis, Hot Cheetos, Fast food, etc.)
GMO - correct answer-GMO stands for bio engineered genes. GMO are genetically modified
foods that alter the DNA to sustain/prevent a product from spoiling faster than a normally
grown crop or humanely raised/fed animal (animal product) meat.
How is food grown using industrial agriculture now? - correct answer-Industrial Agricultures
focuses on growing one crop on an intensive scale (monoculture) and requires synthetic
fertilizers and pesticides to (fertilizers) stabilize nutrients of crops and (pesticides) terminate
unnecessary weeds and pests that may compromise the growth of the plant. Thus allows the
crop to grow seamlessly in large quantities. Most of the times farmers use an excessive use
of water (irrigation system) and it's wasted.
DETAILED RESPONSE: The fertilizers are necessary because growing the same plant in
the same location each year, the nutrients that the crop relies on diminish and the fertilizers
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