Grossmont Astronomy 110 Study Guide
Exam 3
Early Ideas of how Sun shines - ANS-Impacts from meteors heated the sun.
Sun's shine - ANS-Nuclear Fusion
Sun's Inner Layers - ANS-Core, Radiation Zone, and Convection Zone
Sun's Outer Layers - ANS-Photosphere, Chromosphere,
and Corona.
Photosphere - ANS-Visible surface of the Sun, and it emits Visible Light.
Chromosphere - ANS-Second layer, Red color is only apparent during eclipses. Emits
UV Light.
Corona - ANS-Aura of plasma that surrounds the Sun. Emits X-ray Light.
Only layer seen during a total solar eclipse.
Hydrostatic/Gravitational Equilibrium - ANS-The balance between gravity and pressure
in a star.
Granules - ANS-The tops of convection cells. Generated from Sunspots.
Sunspots - ANS-Darkspots on the surface where temperature is cooler. Created from
the Sun's magnetic field.
Sunspot Cycle - ANS-11 years.
Zeeman Effect - ANS-Splitting of absorption lines into 2 or more parts
Magnetic Field/ Solar Cycle - ANS-22 years.
Solar Interior Observation - ANS-Computer Models, Helioseismology, and Neutrinos.
Spicules - ANS-Jets of gas.
, Plages - ANS-Active bright regions in the Sun's chromosphere.
Solar Flare - ANS-Violent eruptive events on the Sun.
Coronal Mass Ejection - ANS-Huge loop, canopy, balloon-shaped volumes of
high-energy gas ejected from the corona.
Prominences - ANS-Gigantic loops or arches.
Filaments - ANS-Dark streaks in the corona.
Neutrino - ANS-A Natural subatomic particle with a mass close to zero.
Neutrino Problem - ANS-The discrepancy between the measurements of the number of
neutrinos flowing through Earth and the theoretical models of the solar interior.
Resolved by new understanding of Neutrinos
Sun's Equator Rotation - ANS-25 days.
Sun's Mid-latitude Rotation - ANS-30 days.
Sun's Poles Rotation - ANS-35 days.
Northern Lights - ANS-Solar winds making contact with Earth's magnetic field.
Solar Wind Effects - ANS-It affects solar panels and electronics in satellites that disturb
communication.
If absolute equals apparent magnitude - ANS-Distance equals 10 parsecs.
If absolute is greater than apparent magnitude - ANS-Distance is less than 10 parsecs.
If absolute is less than apparent magnitude - ANS-Distance is greater than 10 parsecs.
Spectral Types - ANS-O, B, A, F, G, K, M
Parallax - ANS-The apparent shift of a star against the background stars observed as
the Earth moves along it's orbit.
Distance-Parallax Formula - ANS-D = 1/p
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