Final Exam for Anatomy and Physiology
102 - Ivy anatomy
Function of testis? Male - ANS-produce gametes or sperm and they secrete hormones,
primarily testosterone
functions of the male reproductive organs - ANS-- to develop and maintain male sex
cells ( sperm)
- to transport sperm and fluids to outside of body
- to synthesize male sex hormones
function of the Seminiferous tubules - ANS-Produce sperm cells
function of Interstitial cells - ANS-Produce and secrete male sex hormones
function of Epididymis - ANS-Promotes sperm cell maturation; stores sperm cells;
conveys sperm cells to ductus deferens
function of the
Ductus deferens - ANS-Conveys sperm cells to ejaculatory duct
function of
Seminal vesicle - ANS-Secretes an alkaline fluid containing nutrients and
prostaglandins that helps regulate the pH of semen
function of
Prostate gland - ANS-Secretes a fluid that contains citrate, a nutrient for sperm
function of
Bulbourethral gland - ANS-Secretes fluid that lubricates end of the penis
function of Scrotum - ANS-Encloses, protects, and regulates temperature of testes
function of Penis - ANS-Conveys urine and semen to outside of body; inserted into the
vagina during sexual intercourse; the glans penis is richly supplied with sensory nerve
endings associated with feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation
, primary sex organs or gonads are - ANS-the 2 testes, in which sperm cells, or
spermatozoa, and the male sex hormones are produced
accessory sex organs - ANS-the other structure, both internal and external
Prostate cancer - ANS-Many cases are slow-growing, and do not require treatment, but
some cases are serious or even fatal.
•Diagnosed with help of a rectal exam, to check for enlarged prostate.
•Some men experience frequent and slowed urination.
•Blood test for elevated prostate-specific antigen (P S A) is also helpful in diagnosis.
However, P S A may be elevated above normal due to inflammation (prostatitis) or
enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia). A man with prostate cancer can also have a
normal level of P S A.
Prostate cancer more info - ANS-•P S A normally liquefies the ejaculate.
•When cancer cells are present, excess P S A is produced.
•Biopsy is done for a man with an enlarged prostate and elevated P S A.
•Treatments include surgical removal of prostate gland, radiation, and hormones.
•New tests measure expression of specific genes that change activity significantly when
the disease spreads.
Male Infertility - ANS-inability of sperm to fertilize an oocyte
causes of male infertility - ANS-- failure of testes to descend into scrotum during fetal
development
- inflammation of testes from certain diseases such as mumps
- poor-quality sperm: abnormal head, acrosome or tail
- low sperm count, less than 20 million/mL of ejaculate
Meiosis I what happens - ANS-separates homologous (the same, gene for gene) pairs
of chromosomes: they may not be identical, because a gene may have variants
Results in haploid cells - ANS-which 1 set of chromosomes; these chromosomes are
still replicated, containing 2 chromatids.
the four phases of meiosis I - ANS-Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I
Prophase I - ANS-- Involves synapsis: pairing of homologous chromosomes.
- crossover occurs
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