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VBSC 421 Final Exam- CNS
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VBSC 421 Final Exam- CNS
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VBSC 421 Final Exam- CNSinteroceptors - ANS-receptors; internal environment (organs)
proprioceptors - ANS-receptors; position of body and limbs
exteroceptors - ANS-receptors; external environment (various senses)
somatosensory system - ANS-brain returns instructions for the body's physical response
to stimuli
grey matter - ANS-neurons, sensory bodies; outermost in brain and innermost in spinal
cord
white matter - ANS-axons, nerve tracts (white due to myelin); innermost in brain,
outermost in spinal cord
meninges and brain - ANS-derived from neural crest cells
meninges - ANS-specialized lining structures of CNS (brain and spinal cord)
dura mater - ANS-meninges; outermost tough, thick layer
arachnoid mater - ANS-meninges; middle layer
pia mater - ANS-meninges; innermost layer; single to few cells layering the surface
ventricles - ANS-cerebral spinal fluid filled chabers within the brain
choriod plexus - ANS-makes cerebrospinal fluid; tufts of blood vessels; associated with
ependymal cells
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANS-protective fluid that bathes and protects the brain;
carries chemical mediators that are transmitted throughout brain
free of RBC or leukocytes unless injury or inflammation
fish meninges - ANS-meninges; single covering called primitive meninx
, tetrapod (amphibians, reptiles, birds) meninges - ANS-dura mater and secondary
meninx
mammal meninges - ANS-dura mater; secondary meninx becomes arachnonid and pia
mater
neural plate folds (ectodermal folds) - ANS-on surface; give rise to the neural tube
neural tube embryonic regions - ANS-rhombencephalon, mesencephalon,
prosencephalon
rhombencephalon - ANS-hindbrain (cerebellum, pons, medulla)
metencephalon, myelencephalon
mesencephalon - ANS-midbrain
mesencephalon
prosencephalon - ANS-forebrain (cerebral cortex)
telencephalon, diencephalon
telencephalon - ANS-from prosencephalon; cerebral hemispheres and cortex,
hippocampus, olfactory bulbs
diencephalon - ANS-from prosencephalon; thalamus, hypothalamus, neurohypophysis,
pineal, retina, optic nerve, mamillary bodies
metencephalon - ANS-from rhombencephalon; pons and cerebellum
myelencephalon - ANS-from rhombencephalon; medulla oblongata
neuroanatomy - ANS-studies anatomic structures in relationship to their neurologic
function
medulla oblongata - ANS-from rhombencephalon, part of myelencephalon; most distal
portion of brain/ most superior portion of spinal cord
1. houses nuclei for cranial nerves 6-12
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