HN 308 Proteins Exam Review 2024
More than _____ of proteins are found in skeletal muscle **** 40%
proteins are nutritionally essential because of their constituent ____________ **** amino acids
proteins make up ____________ of the solid content of cells **** over half
More than _____ of proteins are found in skeletal muscle **** 40%
proteins are nutritionally essential because of their constituent ____________ ****
amino acids
proteins make up ____________ of the solid content of cells **** over half
__________ combine with other substances to provide a means of carrying those
substances in the blood, or into cells, or out of cells **** transporters
buffers **** a compound that ameliorates a change in pH that would otherwise
occur in response to the addition of alkali or acid to a solution
fluid balancers **** proteins attract water to blood
proteins are built from _________ by __________ **** amino acids; peptide
bonds
primary structure is the ___________ arrangement of ____________ in a protein
and the location of ____________ between amino acids **** linear; amino acids;
covalent bonds
secondary structure is the areas of ____________ or __________ within a protein
achieved through weaker bonding such as ___________ bonding **** folding;
coiling; hydrogen
tertiary structure is the final _____________ structure of a protein, which results
from a large number of ___________________ bonds between _____________
**** three-dimensional; non-covalent; amino acids
quaternary structure occurs when ______________ bonds bind multiple
_____________ into a single, larger protein **** non-covalent; polypeptides
hemoglobin is an example of __________ structure **** quaternary
, exogenous proteins are sources of the ________________ amino acids and are the
primary source of additional nitrogen needed to synthesize ___________ amino
acids **** essential; non-essential
endogenous proteins **** desquamated mucosal cells
digestive enzymes and glycoproteins
___________ protein digestion begins in the ______________ **** exogenous;
stomach
HCl serves two main functions: **** 1. denatures the quaternary, tertiary, and
secondary structures
2. activates pepsinogen to pepsin
The end products of pepsin include __________, along with some ___________
and ___________ and are emptied into the _____________ **** polypeptides;
oligopeptides; free amino acids; duodenum
pepsinogen is a ____ enzyme, meaning that it has ____ enzymatic activity ****
pro; no
In the duodenum, the end products stimulate the release of regulatory hormones
and peptides, such as ____________ and ____________ **** secretin;
cholecystokinin (CCK)
_________ and __________ stimulate the pancreas to release pancreatic juice
containing ____________ **** secretin; cholecystokinin (CCK); zymogens
zymogens are **** digestive proenzymes, precursor of active enzymes
in the small intestine, in response to secretin and CCK, membrane-bound
______________ is secreted by the _____________ of duodenum to activate
________________ converting it to trypsin **** enteropeptidase; brush border;
trypsinogen
____________ initiates the activation cascade of other enzymes (including itself)
for ______________ digestion **** trypsin; protein
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller smartchoices. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.69. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.