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CMI 3358 Final Exam EKO.
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CMI 3358 Final Exam EKOGlobal Communications - ANS-communication that is potentially recieveable and virtual
interacted with in virtually all parts of the world
Communicare (Latin) - ANS-To share, to impart, or to make common
Root words: communion, community, communism, commons, communicate
Communicatio - ANS-Communication
International communication - ANS-Communication across national borders, originally
government to government communication; cultural, economic, political, social, &
technical analysis of communication and media patterns and effect across and between
states; also a human right
Government communications - ANS-play a major role in facilitating, promoting,&
hindering communication across national borders
Globalization - ANS-the interconnection of nations, cultures & peoples through
information & communication technologies (ICTs)
Led to Global village
Digital Divide - ANS-The gap between those who have access information and
communication technologies and those who don't. it exists between and within countries
and regions of the world
Medius (Latin) - ANS-middle, neutral
Media - ANS-plural of medium
Marshall McLuhan - ANS-the medium is the message
David Berlo's model of communication - ANS-Source Message Channel Receiver
(SMCR). The media are between the creators and consumers of content
Telecommunication - ANS-Communication across long distances (tele=Greek for "to
see far"), adopted in Latin
Telegraph - ANS-writing across distances
,Telegram - ANS-message from afar
Telephone - ANS-hearing voices from afar
Television - ANS-I see, to see images from afar
Video (Latin) - ANS-to see
Audio (Latin) - ANS-to hear
Invention of Zero - ANS-Invented by the Ancient Hindus. Without the zero scientific
developments would have been impossible. Computer language is binary or digital
communication (composed of two digits 1, 0, on/off)
Al Khwarizmi (Persian) - ANS-translated Indian and Greek Mathematical works. Gave
us the Arabic words: "al-jabr" (Algebra) & "algorithm."
Arabic numerals - ANS-introduced the Arab-Indian system of numerals: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9, to Europe which is the number system we use today
Algorithms - ANS-instructions in the form of code, for computers to execute tasks;
searches, play video, hyperlinks, etc.
(Code) the law of cyberspace
1854 George Boole - ANS-Investigation of the Laws of Thought." Computer circuitry and
operations are based on Boolean Algebra
Hindu numerals - ANS-start with one end with zero
Al-Khwarizmi - ANS-Inventor of Algebra, Origin of the word, Algorithms
Binary code (0,1), and algorithms (computer code) are multicultural: Diffused from India
to Arabia to Europe and the United States
Earliest Human Writing - ANS-Sumeria: Cuneiform (baked clay), international graphic
medium of writing in the Ancient Middle East
Translation: "The king established the freedom of the citizens".
, Paper (Egypt) - ANS-Ancient Egyptians created the word from the papyrus reeds of the
Nile, East & Northeast Africa. Wrote in hieroglyphics (holy script)
Paper (China) - ANS-Chinese invented it from wood pulp, produced world's earliest
dated, printed book, the Diamond Sutra. It was produced on the 11th of May 868 AD
Copyright - ANS-Technology based
Counter-diffusion - ANS-Movement of ideas and technologies from the periphery to the
Center
Diffusion of Innovations - ANS-the process whereby a new product, service, or idea
spreads through a population; starts from the center and goes to the periphery of the
global system
International Telecommunication - ANS-Transnational transmission, emission or
reception of signs, signals, writing, images and sound by wire, wireless networks, radio,
satellites, or other electromagnetic systems including the internet
Cyberspace - ANS-electronic networks of interaction between individuals at different
computer terminals
International Telecommunications Union - ANS-1844: When the Morse Telegraph was
invented, messages were translated at the borders & transmitted on the telegraph
network of the receiving country.
To solve problem of lack of interconnection, countries concluded several agreements to
interconnect networks and standardize equipment.
1865 founding of the International Telegraph Union (ITU)
1948, it became UN agency responsible for the planning and regulation of
telecommunication services world-wide. Sets the standards for analog & digital radio,
TV, satellite & Internet communications
ISO/JPEG - ANS-Joint Photographic Experts Group, Computer graphics compression
standard/file format for still images & graphic files
MPEG - ANS-Moving Picture Experts Group
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