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CHEM 1020 Exam 4 | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+)
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CHEM 1020 Exam 4 | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+)
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CHEM 1020 Exam 4 | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+) Biochemistry - ✔✔the study of substances and processes occurring in living things Biomolecules - ✔✔carbohydrates, lipids, pr oteins, nucleic acids Carbohydrates - ✔✔the starches and sugars present in foods chiral carbon - ✔✔A carbon atom attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms. Stereochemistry - ✔✔the study of the three -dimensional structure of molecules Aldose - ✔✔A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is an aldehyde Ketose - ✔✔A carbohydrate whose carbonyl group is a ketone racemic mixture - ✔✔A mixture that contains equal amounts of the (+) and ( -) enantiomers. Racemic mixtures are not optically active. Diastereomers - ✔✔stereoisomers that are not mirror images Benedict's test - ✔✔a simple biochemical reaction to detect the presence of reducing sugars. reducing sugar - ✔✔any monosaccharide with a hemiacetal ring anomeric carbon - ✔✔the new chiral cent er formed in ring closure; it was the carbon containing the carbonyl in the straight -chain form Fischer projection - ✔✔A method of drawing organic molecules in which horizontal lines are coming out of the page (wedges) and vertical lines are going into th e page (dashes) pyranose form - ✔✔6 membered ring furanose form - ✔✔5 membered ring Haworth projection - ✔✔A method for depicting cyclic sugars as planar rings with -OH groups sticking up or down from the plane of the sugar dextrorotatory - ✔✔rotates p lane -polarized light in a clockwise direction (+) levorotatory - ✔✔Rotates plane -polarized light to the left glycosidic linkage - ✔✔A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction. dietary fiber - ✔✔plant material that canno t be digested saponifiable lipids - ✔✔contain an ester that can undergo basic hydrolysis nonsaponifiable lipids - ✔✔cholesterol, steroid hormones, bile acids, and eicosanoids simple lipids - ✔✔Fats or triglycerides Contain glycerol and fatty acids; formed by dehydration synthesis complex lipids - ✔✔Contain C, H, and O + P, N, or S Membranes are made of phospholipids micelles - ✔✔tiny spherical complexes of emulsified fat that arise during digestion; most contain bi le salts and the products of lipid digestion, including fatty acids, monoglycerides, and cholesterol trans fat - ✔✔An unsaturated fat, formed artificially during hydrogenation of oils, containing one or more trans double bonds. Fats - ✔✔lipids that are s olid at room temperature Oils - ✔✔lipids that are liquid at room temperature Saponification - ✔✔the reaction between a fat and a strong base to produce glycerol and the salt of a fatty acid (soap) Waxes - ✔✔A type of lipid molecule consisting of one fat ty acid linked to an alcohol; functions as a waterproof coating on many biological surfaces such as apples and other fruits. membrane - ✔✔thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ Organelle - ✔✔A tiny cell st ructure that carries out a specific function within the cell lipid bilayer - ✔✔double -layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes bile salts - ✔✔compounds in bile that aid in emulsification amino acids - ✔✔building blocks of proteins Protein - ✔✔A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids. fibrous protein - ✔✔A protein that has only a secondary structure; generally insoluble; includes collagens, elastins, and keratins.The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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