Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Exhaustion occurs if stress continues when which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is
not successful?
a. Flight or fight c. Adaptation
b. Alarm d. Arousal
ANS: C
Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and adaptation is not successful, u...
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Complete Questions & Answers Contents Chapter 1: Cellular Biology ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 1 Chapter 9 Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 28 Chapter 7: Innate Immunity: Inflammation ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 40 Chapter 8: Adaptive Immunity ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 66 Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 89 Chapter 7: Innate Immunity: Inflammation ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 104 Chapter 8: Adaptive Immunity ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 130 Chapter 10: Infection ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 152 Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 168 Chapter 4: Genes and Genetic Diseases ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 183 Chapter 5: Genes, Environment -Lifestyle, and Common Diseases ................................ ................................ ......................... 202 Chapter 6: Epigenetics and Disease ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 217 Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 224 Chapter 12: Cancer Biology ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 239 Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 264 Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 275 Chapter 31: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ................................ ............................... 284 Chapter 32: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 309 Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ................................ ................................ ............................. 336 Chapter 34: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System ................................ ................................ ................................ 351 Chapter 35: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 370 Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 398 Chapter 27: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................ ................................ ............................. 415 Chapter 28: Alterations of Erythrocyte Function ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 434 Chapter 29: Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function ................................ ................................ ......... 453 Chapter 30: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ................................ ................................ ................................ 472 Chapter 1: Cellular Biology MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption? a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats. ANS: C In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the: a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus b. Ribosome d. Lysosome ANS: C The nucleus contains the nucleolus , a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA -binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes ANS: B Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA -protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthe sized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes . Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases , which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Oxyhydrosomes are involved in enzyme production. PTS: 1 REF: Page 8 4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury? a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum b. Golgi complex d. Lysosomes ANS: D The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-digestion . The other options do not correctly describe this process. PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8 5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell? a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the cell membrane. c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesi s, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane. d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane. ANS: A The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell membrane. The other options do not correctly describe this process. PTS: 1 REF: Page 7 | Figure 1-5 6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized? a. G1 c. G2 b. S d. M ANS: B The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G 1 phase (G = gap), which is the period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S = synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G 2 phase, during which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the completion of DNA
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Examsplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
