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NURS 5461 Quiz 1 Exam/127 Questions and Answers
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NURS 5461 Quiz 1 Exam/127 Questions and Answers
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NURS 5461 Quiz 1 Exam/127 Questions andAnswers
Pernicious anemia - -lack of intrinsic factor, decreased b12
-Pernicious anemia s/s - -beefy red tongue, fatigue, paresthesia of
hands/feet, fatigue
-macrocytic anemias - -Pernicious anemia, folate deficiency anemia
>103mm
-causes of macrocytic anemias - -liver disease, low b12 or folate,
gastrectomy, malabsorption, alcoholics
-microcytic anemia - -iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease late stage,
lead poisoning, thalassemias,, occult blood in stool, menorrhagia, <87mm
-normocytic anemia - -anemia of chronic disease, sickle cell, impaired bone
marrow, hemolytic anemia, 87-103mm
-primary storage for iron - -ferritin >100 = normal
-increased ferritin - -inflammatory disease, hepatitis, CRF,
-transferrin - -regulates iron absorption and transport in body, low levels =
protein malnutrition, >200 is normal
-total iron binding capacity (TIBC) - -high when iron low 240-450
> 400 with iron deficiency anemia
-Primary hypothyroidism - -High TSH, low T3 and T4
-Secondary hypothyroidism - -low TSH, low T3/T4, malfunction of pituitary
-Hashimoto's thyroiditis - -autoimmune thyroiditis, high TSH, low T3/T4
-Myxedema - -puffy face with hypothyroid
-Grave's disease - -autoimmune disorder leading to hyperthyroidism,
antibodies mimicking TSH, high T4/T3
-Primary Hyperthyroidism - -Low TSH High T3,T4
-excessive iodine uptake - -hyperthyroidism
, -first test for thyroid - -TSH
-TSH improvement after levothyroxine - -6-8 weeks
-subclinical hypothyroid - -elevated TSH, normal T4 and Free T4
-PTU, methimazole - -treat hyperthyroidism- agranulocytosis and liver
disease SE
-prevalence of HTN after 65 years of age - -higher in women
-DBP stabilizes? - -age 50 and older, SBP worsens
-nocturnal BP - -dipping at night by 15%. non-dipper = high risk for CVD and
renal disease
-most effective for decreasing LVH - -ACE inhibitors
-stage 1 HTN - -140-159/90-99
-stage 2 HTN - ->160/>100
-HTN Emergency - ->180/120 with end organ damage
Treat with IV nitroprusside, labetalol, Clonidine, Cardene
-pseudohypertension - -brachial artery sclerotic- BP cuff collapses artery-
false high reading- doesn't respond to treatment
-BP goal: <60 yrs, no diabetes or CKD - -<140/<90
-BP goal > 60 w/ DM or CKD - -<140/<90
-dihydropyridines- CCB - -Nicardipine, amlodipine, nifedipine- dilates
arteries, avoid in CKD
-non-dihydropyridines CCB - -Verapamil, Diltiazem- reduces HR and
contractility, CI in left ventricle dysfunction/ AV block
-reduces pedal edema caused by CCB - -adding ACE Inhibitor
-masks hypoglycemia except for diaphoresis - -BB
-stage 1 HTN with any risk factors - -initial TX
-stage 2 HTN - -2 drug treatment
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