Antacids Action - Neutralizes stomach acid. decreases the rate of gastric emptying,
treats hyperacidity
Antacids Use - Peptic ulcer, used to treat heartburn; reflux esophagitis, gastritis, hiatal
hernia.
Antacids Nursing Considerations - antacids may intefere with medication absorption
thus shold not be given with othher meds- wait 1-2 hours.
antacid effect os prolonged when medication is taken with food.
chart amount and consistency of stools.
Antiemetics Action - supress N/V by acting on the brain control center
Antiemetics Use - to treat nausea and prevent vomiting
Antiemetics Side effects - drowsiness
Antiemetics Nursing Considerations - monitor B/P for hypotension
Emetics - Syrup of Ipecac
Emetics Action - induce vomiting
Emetics Use - used when poision has been ingested
Emetics Side effects - do not use when corrosive product ingested; such as, acids or
alkalies, or if resident is drowsy or unconsious. The licensed nurse should contact the
physician and/or posion control center before administering.
Emetics Nursing considerations - usually induces vomiting 20-30 minutes after
adminstered.
Cathartics (laxtives) Action - stimulate intestinal peristalsis; usually acts in 6-8 hours
when given in oral form.
Cathartics (laxatives) Side Effects - abdominal cramping
nausea
, diarrhea
Cathartics (laxatives) N.C. - monitor for diarrhea
Saline laxatives - Milk of Magnesia
Saline laxatives Action - acts within 8 hours
Saline laxatives Side effects - diarrhea
cramping
Saline laxatives N.C. - shake suspension well
monitor for good fluid intake following administration of the laxative
Lubricant Laxatives - Mineral Oil- works within 2-6 hours. admin on an empty stomach.
can give with fruit juice to disguise taste.
Haley's MO
Glycerin suppository- should be retained for atleast 15 minutes for best results.
Lubricant Laxatives Action - increases water retention in stool thereby stimulating
evacuation
Lubricant Laxatives Side Effects - inteferes with absorbing nutrients.
should not be taken at mealtime or long term
resident may experience abdominal cramping
Lubricant Laxatives N.C. - may interfere with absorbtion of vitamins
Laxatives that moisten fecal matter - Surfak
Colace
Fiber Con
Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Action - Stool softener; used to promote regular
mowel evacuation
Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Side Effects - mild abdominal cramping can cause
diarrhea
Laxatives that moisten fecal matter N.C. - Instruct resident that it may take 1-3 days to
soften stool.
If resident has a routine order and is experiencing diarrhea ask nurse if medication
should be given.
Laxatives which increase bulk - Metamucil
Citrucel
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