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Chapter 11 The Nurses, Ideas, and Forces That Define the Profession
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Chapter 11: The Nurses, Ideas, and Forces That Define the ProfessionClaywell: LPN to RN Transitions
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. It has been said that Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing. Which example supports
this statement?
a. She encouraged men to become nurses.
b. She encouraged nurses to serve physicians in order to learn from them.
c. She instituted changes that affected patient survival rates.
d. She organized nursing in America.
ANS: C
When she learned of the lack of medical and nursing care for British troops during the
Crimean War (1853–1856), Nightingale organized a group of 38 nurses to travel to the
Crimea in southern Russia. Despite societal opposition, she and her team reached the Crimean
battlefields in 1854. They found overcrowding in the hospitals, no medical supplies, and
limited space for the sick and injured. Using her own funds, Nightingale obtained supplies,
cleaned up the unsanitary conditions, and established laundries to wash linens. At the end of 6
months, Nightingale and her nurses had decreased the death rate from 42% to 2%.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing.
TOP: History of Nursing
2. A student is studying the history of nursing. Which statement made by the student would be
correct if she had an adequate understanding of America’s first trained nurse?
N
a. “America’s first trained nurse reduced student nurses’ working hours.”
b. “As America’s first trained nurse, Isabel Hampton Robb promoted licensure
exams.”
c. “America’s first trained nurse worked to create associate degree programs.”
d. “America’s first trained nurse was Linda Richards.”
ANS: D
Linda Richards is known as America’s first trained nurse. Isabel Hampton Robb reduced
student nurse working hours and promoted licensure exams. Mildred Montag worked to create
associate degree programs as a shorter route into nursing.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing.
TOP: History of Nursing
3. Which is the dominant focus of patient care in the current health care environment?
a. To increase cost to increase profit
b. To contain rising costs
c. To ignore rising costs
d. To manage care according to cost
ANS: B
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