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PUBH 101 Midterm #2.
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PUBH 101 Midterm #2.
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PUBH 101 Midterm #2What do proteins do? - ANS-They form muscle, bone, blood, enzymes, hormones, and
cell membranes. Complete proteins provide all essential amino acids in adequate
amounts.
What are amino acids? - ANS-They are the building blocks of protein.
What do fats do for your body? - ANS-Fats are the most concentrated source of energy.
That provides insulation for your body and helps support and cushion your organs.
Major fuel for the body, during rest and light absorption. It also helps your body absorb
fat soluble vitamins.
What are the two fats that are essential to blood pressure and a healthy pregnancy? -
ANS-- Linoleic acid
- Alpha linolenic acid
Types of fats - ANS-- Saturated fat: found in animal products
- Unsaturated fat: from plant sources
Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated: linoleic and alpha lenolenic acids
- Transfatty acids: increased LDL and lowed HDL
-Unsaturated fat: changes behavior of the body, extends shelf life of foods, increases
stability of oil to resume for deep frying.
What is hydrogenation? - ANS-The process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated
fats by adding hydrogen
What are High Density Lipo-proteins? - ANS-Good cholesterol, raised by unsaturated
fats. provides greater benefits for the heart.
What are Low Density Lipo-Proteins? - ANS-Bad Cholesterol, increased risk of heart
disease.
What is the recommended fat intake? - ANS-Men need 17 grams per day of linoleic
acids and 16 grams of alpha-linolenic acids.
Women 12 grams per day of linoleic acids and 11 grams of alpha-lenolenic acids.
, What are complex carbs? - ANS-Multiple sugar units. [Ex: starches, dietary fiber, grains,
legumes(dry beans, peas and lentils), tubers(yams and potatoes), fruits and vegetables]
What are simple carbs? - ANS-One or two sugar units [Ex: table sugar, added honey,
malt, milk, sugar, added sweetener to soda, candy, and fruit drinks]
What are the types of fiber? - ANS-Dietary fiber: non-digestible carbs that is present
naturally in plants.
Soluble: delays stomach emptying, reduces absorption of cholesterol.
Insoluble: helps prevent constipation, and other digestive disorders.
Functional fiber: non-digestible carbs that have been isolated from natural sources or
synthesized in a lab and then added to food and dietary supplements.
What is a vitamin and what do they do - ANS-Vitamins are organic (carbon-containing)
substances required in small amounts to regulate various processes within living cells.
They are needed to produce red blood cells and maintain nervous, skeletal, and
immune systems and preserve healthy cells in the body as antioxidants. They provide
no energy to the body directly, but help unleash energy stored in carbs, proteins, and
fats.
What are vitamin deficiencies? - ANS-Deficiencies are rare in the US, more common in
developing countries, except if alcoholic.
What do minerals do for your body? - ANS-Minerals are inorganic (non carbon
containing) compounds. They help regulate body functions, aid in growth and
maintenance of body tissues, and helps release energy.
What are phytochemicals? - ANS-They are found in plant foods, may help precent
chronic disease. Soy foods may help lower cholesterol levels. Cruciferous vegetables (
broccoli ) render some carcinogenic compounds harmless. Allyl Sulfides ( garlic and
onions ) boosts the activity of cancer - fighting immune cells which lowers total
cholesterol. Soy can be used as hormone replacement therapy due to natural
estrogens.
What is the best way to prepare food? - ANS-prepare food with little salt and sugar, eat
potassium-rich foods.
what is the leading source of sugar? - ANS-Regular soda
What is the leading source of calories? - ANS-Regular soda
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