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HLTH 101 Exam.
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Exam of 8 pages for the course Basic Human Nutrition Final at Basic Human Nutrition Final (HLTH 101 Exam.)
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HLTH 101 ExamLalonde Report - ANS-- Health care services are not the primary means of improving
health, nor can we rely on improved living conditions and conventional public health
measures to enhance health.
- Example: Canadians must become more active individually and collectively in
maintaining and enhancing health by adopting healthy lifestyles and protecting air and
water quality.
- Two main health objectives: the health care system and promotion of good health.
Health Gradient - ANS-As income (and other social determinants such as education or
job quality) rises, so does health and life expectancy
Health Inequities - ANS-Differences in population health that are avoidable, such as the
gap between the health of the richest and the health of the poorest
Neoliberalism - ANS-Does not support public health because:
- aligns with conventional view of health that sees health outcomes as a mix of genetics
and lifestyle determinants of health
- does not support the strong government action and intervention needed for public
health to work
- tax cuts mean that there is not enough government money to fund public health
- it tends to increase the income gap between the riches and poorest
Chronic stress - ANS-- Occurs when pressure are relentless and those affected do not
have the power or resources to control them
- Results in a prolonged activation of stress pathways, including stress hormones,
affecting memory, immune function, heart rate variability, glucose processing, blood
pressure, and other bodily functions
- Has the biggest effect on those in high demand/low control jobs
Social determinants of health - ANS-- Income and social status
- Social support networks
- Education and literacy
- Employment/working conditions
- Social environment
- Physical environment
- Healthy childhood development
- Gender
, The Epp Report - ANS-Emphasizes a new vision for health embracing physical, mental,
and social well-being which introduces a health promotion framework:
- Challenge 1: to reduce inequities in health between high and low income Canada
- Challenge 2: prevent injury and disease
Friedrich Engels - ANS-- Showed that the death rates of poor people in urban centres
were much higher than the death rates of poor people in rural centres
- Social and economic change can substantially affect health and longevity and that
living/working conditions are the major determinants of human health and well being
- "Health harming behaviour" amongst the working class was a product of the conditions
under which people live, not their character flaws or bad choices
Rudolf Virchow - ANS-Noticed poor health in Upper Silesia and determined it was due
to poor living conditions. He claims medicine cannot help improve health as much as
economic, political, and social reform.
Thomas McKeown - ANS-Believed that vaccinations made no help to health, but his
views have been disregarded.
He thought that deaths from diseases such as TB, measles, etc. fell sharply after 1850
because of changes in social and environmental factors, especially better nutrition, not
health care.
Social patterning of behaviour - ANS-Refers to the usually unconscious determination of
behaviour by contextual factors including the social norms of one's workplace and social
position
Healthy lifestyle - ANS-- appears to have the greatest positive health effects on those
already living in high economic and social circumstances
- appears to have little measurable impact on the health of lower-income people
- is difficult to achieve and maintain for those who live in poverty
Emile Durkheim - ANS-Believes that society dictates our behaviour and understanding
because social structures dictate our opportunity and restraints
KFL&A Affordability of Healthy Eating - ANS-Shows that:
- social assistance rates are too low for individuals and families to meet the average
cost of basic needs and are set below absolute poverty lines
- it is reasonable to expect people on social assistance might feel deprived of a lifestyle
that would consider normal or typical for Canadians
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