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ARRT CI Exam Study Guide (1
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ARRT CI Exam Study Guide____ uses a band to narrow the pulmonary artery, which reduces the flow of blood and
pressure to the lungs
a. Arterial switch
b. Damus-Kaye-Stansel
c. Fontan
d. Pulmonary artery banding. - ANS-Pulmonary artery banding
Arterial switch: transposition of the great arteries by connecting the aorta to the left
ventricle and pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.
Damus-Kaye-Stansel: transposition of the great arteries by cutting the pulmonary artery
into two and connected to the ascending aorta and right ventricle.
Fontan: directly or indirectly connects the right atrium to the pulmonary artery. The atrial
defect is then closed. Pulmonary artery banding: using a band to narrow the pulmonary
artery, which reduces the flow of blood and pressure to the lungs.
A coronary angiography is performed using the Judkins technique. Which of the
following approaches is most commonly used?
a. Saphenous
b. Radial
c. Femoral
d. Osteal - ANS-Femoral
The most common coronary angiography techniques used with an angiography are the
Judkins and the Sones. With the Judkins technique, a coronary catheter is inserted into
the coronary arteries using a femoral approach.
A device used with a carotid artery stent procedure is:
a. Guidewires
b. Aortic strings
c. Capillary tubes
d. Nonocclusive injectors - ANS-a. Guidewires
Carotid artery stenting is an endovascular approach that is performed in patients who
have severe carotid atherosclerotic disease that may require an open carotid
endarterectomy. During a carotid artery stent procedure several devices used may
include diagnostic catheters, guide catheters, guidewires, stent systems, and embolic
protection devices. Further, devices to close the access site are used.
A guidewire is a metallic wire. This wire is tightly placed over a catheter.
,A double J stent has curves:
-Designed on each end
-Scattered throughout the stent
-Stationed on the outside of the device at one end
-At only one end of the stent - ANS-Designed on each end
A stent is a small tube inserted in an artery to retain the shape of a weak or collapsed
artery or to open a narrowed or clogged artery to allow blood flow. A double J stent is
one type of stent that is inserted and placed inside a vessel and used for drainage. The
double J stent has curves on both ends of the stent.
A pacemaker is made up of how many main parts? - ANS-2.
A pacemaker is made of 2 parts, a generator and wires. It is placed under the skin close
to the chest. It is used to control the heartbeat. It is typically used for patients with
arrhythmias. Arrhythmia is when the heart's rhythm is abnormal. Minor surgery is used
to place the pacemaker. Pacemakers can be implanted temporarily (to slow heartbeat
after surgery, heart attack, or overdose) and permanently (to treat heart failure and to
correct bradycardia).
A patient is having the valve replaced that is in between the right atrium and right
ventricle. Which valve is being replaced? - ANS-Tricuspid
A patient is undergoing a cardiopulmonary bypass procedure and an activated clotting
time (ACT) machine is used. The ACT machine is mostly likely monitoring the effects of:
-Heparin levels on the patient
-Palpations and the patient
-Stroke volume on the patient
-Cardiac output of the patient - ANS-Heparin levels on the patient
The activated clotting time (ACT) machine monitors the effects of heparin and other
antithrombotic drugs on the patient. This test can be performed along with other test
such as the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) tests. The ACT is monitored when
procedures, such as a coronary angioplasty, cardiopulmonary bypass, percutaneous
transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), hemofiltration and dialysis, to name a few,
are done.Heparin (an antithrombin agent) is a drug that inhibits blood clotting and is
given when patients undergo some cardiac and interventional procedures. If the
accumulation of heparin is too much in the blood, the patient may demonstrate
excessive bleeding that can be life threatening to the patient.Palpations is not the best
,answer choice as palpations refers to irregular heartbeats. Stroke volume measures the
blood released from the ventricles during a contraction. Then, cardiac output is the
amount of blood released from the ventricle each minute.
A patient with liver dysfunction has abnormal clotting and must be given Vitamin K1 to
correct his international normalized ratio (INR). If his INR is > 20, what dose of Vitamin
K1 should be given?
-0.2-0.3 mg
-0.5-1 mg
-3-5 mg
-10 mg - ANS-In patients with liver disease and clotting abnormalities who require
Vitamin K1, the below guidelines should be followed:
If INR is 6-10, 0.5-1 mg of Vitamin K1 should be given.
If INR is 10-20, 3-5 mg of Vitamin K1 should be given.
If INR is > 20, 10 mg of Vitamin K1 should be given.
A procedure often done in conjunction with a coronary angiography that is routine and
assesses the pressure of the aorta is a: - ANS-Hemodynamic assessment of the left
heart
Examples of procedures that accompany a coronary angiography can include central
venous access, hemodynamic assessment, left ventricular angiography pharmacologic
studies, aortography and digital subtraction angiography.
A hemodynamic assessment of the left heart pressures, such as the pressures of the
aorta and the left ventricle, are done as a routine procedure with all studies.
A proximal embolic protection device seals ______ of the lesion. - ANS-Distal.
The proximal occlusion/aspiration system seals distal of the lesion. This is upstream of
the lesion.
A pulse generator case is typically made of which of the following?
-Silica
-Copper
-Silver
-Titanium - ANS-Titanium
, Pulse generators and implantable cardioverter defibrillators are usually placed in
subcutaneous pockets. The pulse generator case is typically made of titanium. This is
less likely to cause an inflammatory response.
A quality control process for a vascular imaging laboratory involves: - ANS-Monitoring
image storing stations
Quality control programs for a vascular imaging laboratory reduce facility and patient
cost, reduce the amount of radiation exposed to the patient, ensure the equipment
works properly to generate high quality images.
A quality control program may include preventative maintenance service checks for the
imaging equipment, such as monitoring the image storing stations, x-ray equipment
used for viewing and the x-ray beam to make sure the equipment works correctly, to
name a few. Also, the purpose of a quality control program will include assessing the
effectiveness of other equipment, such as contrast injectors or cardiac monitoring
devices.
Particulate, also known as electromagnetic radiations, is not a component of the quality
control process. Instead, it is how ionizing radiations are organized. Further, alpha and
beta particles are the main types of particulate radiation and these particles involve
radioactive decay.
A single-chamber pacemaker can have a lead in the lower chamber of the heart, also
known as what? - ANS-The ventricle
A total cholesterol of _______ would be considered high.
-70 mg/dl
-170 mg/dl
-190 mg/dl
-210 mg/dl - ANS-210 mg/dl Normal total cholesterol levels are between 170 mg/dl and
199 mg/dl. The total cholesterol level of 210 mg/dl is considered high.
Abnormal results of a coronary angiography will look like what?
-Strained muscles
-Smooth blood flow
-Blocked arteries
-Blocked air flow - ANS-Blocked arteries
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