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Kuby Immunology Ch 17 Infectious Diseases and Vaccines.
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Kuby Immunology Ch 17 InfectiousDiseases and Vaccines
10. Which of the following are anaphylatoxins?
A. C1 and MASP 1
B. C3a and C5a
C. C3b and C5b
D. C4b and factor D
E. C5b and the MAC - ANS-*C1 and MASP 1*
11. Parasitic infections include:
A. protozoans.
B. protozoans and helminthes.
C. prions and viruses.
D. prions, viruses, and bacteria.
E. protozoans, helminthes, prions, viruses, and bacteria. - ANS-*protozoans and
helminthes*.
12. Sleeping sickness and Chagas's disease are caused by members of the genus
Trypanosoma, protozoans that reside in the bloodstream. What is the principle way
trypanosomes evade the immune response?
A. Antagonistic cytokines are produce by the trypanosome.
B. Periodic changes in the surface antigen (VSG) of trypanosomes ensures that at least
some cells will survive antibody mediate attacks.
C. Trypanosomes are human pathogens and thus immune to human immune
responses.
D. Trypanosomes invade the brain and red blood cells so that immune effector cells
such as macrophages and dendritic cells cannot phagocytize trypanosomes.
E. Vaccines are readily available to people in trypanosome infested areas. -
ANS-Periodic changes in the surface antigen *(VSG)* of trypanosomes ensures that at
least some cells will survive antibody mediate attacks.
13. How do Plasmodium cells avoid immune clearance?
A. Antagonistic cytokines are produced by the Plasmodium cells.
, B. Periodic changes in the surface antigen (VSG) of Plasmodium ensures that at least
some cells will survive antibody mediate attacks.
C. Plasmodium cells show multi-drug resistance.
D. Plasmodium invades red blood cells so that immune-effector cells such as
macrophages and dendritic cells cannot phagocytize Plasmodium cells.
E. TNF-α is produced in large amounts by Plasmodium, thus overwhelming the immune
response and creating a cytokine storm. - ANS-Plasmodium invades *red blood cells*
so that immune-effector cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells cannot
phagocytize Plasmodium cells.
14. Schistomiasis is a debilitating and potentially fatal disease caused by the helminthic
parasite Schistosoma. Which antibody is specific for helminth response?
A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgE
D. IgG
E. IgM - ANS-*IgE*
15. Leishmaniasis is a disease that can either be fatal to its host or will be cleared by
the immune response of the host. Which pathway is responsible for clearing
leishmaniasis?
A. Memory B cells
B. Complement
C. Plasma cells
D. TC cells
E. TH cells - ANS-*TH* cells
16. Some species of fungi are part of the normal microbiota or normal microbial flora of
a host organism. How does the immune system differentiate between "good" fungi and
"bad" fungi?
A. Good fungi only reside in certain places and thereby will not trigger an immune
response.
B. Good fungi are weakly virulent, while bad fungi are highly virulent.
C. Fungi are differentiated based on their cytokine production.
D. Low levels of any fungi are ignored by the immune system.
E. PAMPs such as motifs in peptidoglycan are used to mark fungal cells. - ANS-Good
fungi are *weakly virulent*, while bad fungi are *highly virulent.*
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