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Immunology Kuby Chapter 1
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Immunology Kuby Chapter 1
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Immunology Kuby Chapter 115th Century chinese and turks versions of vaccination - ANS-inoculated individuals
with dried crusts from pustules, inhaled or variolation
adaptive immunity - ANS-specific; disease-removal
Adaptive Immunity: Third line of defense - ANS-specialized lymphocytes: T cells and B
cells.
antibodies
adapts during response: - ANS-adaptive
Antibodies - ANS-secreted recognition molecules of B cells
antigen - ANS-non-self or rogue self.
provokes immune response.
capable of reacting with products of immune response.
APC: Antigen Presenting Cells - ANS-macrophages or dendritic cells will both go
through phagocytosis, once the antigen is consumed, they then present the antigen
complex to the T-helper cells.
INNATE IMMUNITY SHOWING TO ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY. B-CELLS IS ADAPTIVE
TALKING TO ADAPTIVE
Autoimmune disease - ANS-targeting self-proteins or tissues
B-cell receptors - ANS-membrane-bound recognition molecules of B cells
Can involve PAMP receptors: - ANS-innate
cancer - ANS-host cells that divide out of control. develops as part of the immune
systems not doing its job. cell loses the ability to function within the cell cycle, the
immune system keeps these cells in check.
cells that communicate - ANS-cytokines and chemokines
Darker side to eradication of diseases - ANS-eradicated; stop vaccination programs
herd immunity decreases
, population with no immunity
potential bioterrorism threat
Demonstrations of humoral immunity - ANS-antitoxin= neutralize toxins
precipitin= precipitate toxins
agglutinin= agglutinate bacteria
Employs T and B cells: - ANS-adaptive
extracellular pathogen - ANS-some bacteria, fungi, parasites.
recognize and eliminate invader
future directions of vaccines - ANS-targets: malaria / HIV
goals: inexpensive, no refrigeration, easy to administer
Glick and Chang - ANS-Glick identified that 2 lymphocytes derived from the thymus and
derived from bursa which was cellular immunity.
chang needed salmonella antibodies and injected the chickens lacking the bursa which
died, this showed humoral immunity.
Herd Immunity - ANS-Works by decreasing the number of individuals who can harbor
and spread an infectious agent, significantly decreasing the chances that susceptible
individuals will become infected.
hypersensitivity - ANS-overzealous immune response to benign foreign antigens
Immune system is intertwined with many other systems and functions such as: -
ANS-endocrine, nervous, metabolic systems and homeostasis.
Immunis: latin for - ANS-exempt
immunity - ANS-state of protection from infectious disease
immunodeficiency - ANS-component of innate or adaptive immunity is absent or
defective
Immunology has allowed for: - ANS-Vaccine development, transplantation,
pharmaceutical drug development.
includes memory component: - ANS-adaptive
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