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NUR 330 Med Surg 1 Final Exam.
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NUR 330 Med Surg 1 Final Exam.
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NUR 330 Med Surg 1 Final Examleft-sided heart failure - correct answer-left ventricle gets oxygen rich blood from lungs, then
then is supposed to pump it out the rest of the body
causes: HTN, CAD, valvular disease
systolic LHF: heart cant contract effective;y
diastolic LHF: ventricles cant relax and fill during diastole
symptoms: respiratory symptoms, dyspnea, oliguria and nocturia, crackles at base, frothy
sputum is late sign
pulmonary edema: feels like they are drowning on the inside. intubate and vent so they can
breathe.
right-sided heart failure - correct answer-"cor pulmonale", the right ventricle has the oxygen
depleted blood and is supposed to move it to the lungs. instead, it pools back out through
the veins. this is usually a result of left sided HF.
causes: pulmonary HTN
symptoms: swelling in legs and ankles, peripheral and deep edema (anasarca), ascites, JVD
normal/pre-hypertensive/hypertensive BPs - correct answer-normal: <120/<80
prehypertensive: 120-139/80-89
hypertensive I: 140-159/90-99
hypertensive II:>160/>100
*must be checked at least 3 times over a week or longer*
renin-angiotensin/aldosterone system - correct answer--the liver makes angiotensinigen.
-the kidneys release enzyme renin> renin converts angiotensinigen into angiontensin I.
-ACE enzyme converts I into II in the lungs. II is what increases BP (either by increasing
SVR or secreting aldosterone).
-Angiontensin II is the most powerful vasoconstrictor
Types of HTN - correct answer-primary: no cause (most common)
secondary: caused by renal artery stenosis (can put stent in artery to hold it open)
metabolic syndrome - correct answer-1. diabetes mellitus
2. obesity in central torso (android shape is more dangerous)
3. hypertension
4. dyslipidemia as low HDLs
5. dyslipidemia as high LDLs
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