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NCLEX PREP 2024 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ANSWERED 100% GUARANTEED PASS $9.49   Add to cart

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NCLEX PREP 2024 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ANSWERED 100% GUARANTEED PASS

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NCLEX PREP 2024 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ANSWERED 100% GUARANTEED PASS What is the therapeutic index? ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose (LD50/ED50) Low therapeutic index means increased risk for drug toxicity Drugs with narrow therapeutic index digoxin, ...

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  • June 1, 2024
  • 8
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
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NCLEX PREP 2024 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ANSWERED 100% GUARANTEED PASS


What is the therapeutic index?
ratio of toxic dose to therapeutic dose (LD50/ED50)


Low therapeutic index means increased risk for drug toxicity
Drugs with narrow therapeutic index
digoxin, lithium, warfarin
What is the heparin antidote
protamine sulfate
Warfarin antidote
Vitamin K
Local anaesthetics drug class
-caine


Lidocaine
Therapeutic class: Local anesthetic
Indication: Painful procedures, localized pain/discomfort
Action: Stop axonal conduction by blocking sodium channels in the axonal membrane.
No conduction = no sensation!
Nursing Considerations:
● Systemic absorption can result in palpitations, tachycardia, and hypertension.
● Sometimes used with a vasoconstrictor (like epi!) to limit the absorption of
the drug to surrounding tissues.
Opioid Agonists drug class

, -one and -ine (morphine, oxycodone+ fentanyl)


Morphine
Therapeutic class: Opioid analgesic Indication: Pain
Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS and alters perception of pain while
producing a general depression of the CNS.
Nursing Considerations:
● Common side effect: constipation
● CNS depressant
○ Decreased respiration, decreased heart rate, etc.
○ Monitor respiratory rate ● Antidote = naloxone
Opioid side effects
MORPHINE


Miosis (pupil constriction, mood changes)
Out of it
Respiratory depression, reduced salivation
Pruritus, Pneumonia (aspiration)
Hypotension, headache
Infrequent elimination (constipation, urinary retention)
Nausea, Nervousness
Emesis
Methadone drug considerations
Methadone
Therapeutic class: Opioid analgesic - opioid agonist Indication: Pain, opioid withdrawal
Action: Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS and alters perception of pain does not
cause euphoria
Nursing Considerations:
● Long half life
● Very slowly titrate down
Opioid Agonist-Antagonists

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