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AQA a level PE Paper 2 Exam Questions and Answers
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AQA a level pe Paper 2 Exam Questions and Answers
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AQA a level pe Paper 2 Exam Questionsand Answers
Exercise physiology and biomechanics - Answer>>
Carbohydrates - Answer>> -Simple and complex carbohydrates
-simple carbohydrates are found in fruit
-complex carbohydrates are found in nearly all plant based foods
(pasta, bread, rice and vegetables)
- the principle use of energy in the body
-once digested they are converted to glucose
-this can then be stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen.
Fats - Answer>> -Saturated fat (sweet and savoury foods)
-trans fat (unsaturated fat found in meat and dairy)
-cholesterol (type of fat that circulates in the body)
-used during low intensity exercise as a provider of energy
Proteins - Answer>> -Made up of amino acids
-important for muscle growth and repair
-meat, fish, eggs, dairy products
-minor source of energy and tend to be used more by power
atheletes who have a greater need to repair and develop muscle
tissue
Vitamins - Answer>> -Essential nutrients that your body needs
in small amounts in order to work properly
-fat soluble
-water soluble
Vitamin C - Answer>> Green vegetables and fruits
protects cells and Keeps them healthy
helps maintenance of bones, teeth and ligaments
,Vitamin D - Answer>> Sunlight, oily fish, dairy products.
Has a role in absorption of calcium, which keeps bones and teeth
healthy
B6 - Answer>> Meat, fish, eggs, bread, vegetables and cereals.
Helps form haemoglobin
helps the body to use and store energy from protein and
carbohydrate in food.
B12 - Answer>> Red meat, dairy products and fish
makes red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy.
releases energy from food.
Minerals - Answer>> Assist in bodily functions
include sodium (helps with the regulation of fluid levels in the
body)
Iron (helps the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells to
transport oxygen)
calcium (the need for strong bones and teeth and is also
necessary for efficient nerve and muscle function)
Fibre - Answer>> Found in whole meal bread and pasta,
potatoes, nuts, seeds, fruit, vegetables and pulses
can speed up digestion and prevent constipation. (Insoluble fibre)
Water - Answer>> Important for hydration before during and
after exercise
prevents dehydration.
Dietary supplements - Answer>> Used to artificially manipulate
performance, but these have both positive and negative effects
,Creatine - Answer>> Compound that is naturally made in the
body which supplied energy for muscular contraction.
Also used as a supplement to increase athletic performance.
Advantages of creatine - Answer>> Aims to provide ATP
replenishes phosphocreatine stores
allows ATP-PC system to last longer
improves muscle mass
Disadvantages of creatine - Answer>> Possible side effects
(muscle cramps, diarrhoea, water retention, bloating and
vomiting).
Hinder aerobic performance
mixed evidence to shoe benefits
Sodium carbonate - Answer>> A white soluble compound used
as an antacid
Positive effects of sodium bicarbonate - Answer>> Reduces
acidity in the muscle cells
delays fatigue
increase buffering capacity of the blood
Negative effects of sodium bicarbonate - Answer>> Side effects
(voimitng, pain, cramping, diarrhoea and bloating)
Caffeine - Answer>> Naturally occuring stimulant which
increases alertness and reduces fatigue
Positive effects of caffeine - Answer>> Stimulant increases
mental rehearsal
reduces effect of fatigue
allows fats to be used as an energy source
, delays use of glycogen stores
improves decision making (reaction time is improved)
may benefit aerobic performance.
Disadvantages of caffeine - Answer>> Loss of fine control
against rules of most sports in large quantities
side effects (dehydration, insomnia, muscle cramps, stomach
cramps and irregular heartbeat)
Glycogen loading - Answer>> Used by endurance athletes to
increase glycogen stores.
A dietary manipulation.
Advantages of glycogen loading - Answer>> Delays fatigue
increases glycogen stores in muscles
increases endurance capacity
Disadvantages of glycogen loading - Answer>> Carbo loading
phase:
- water retention (bloating)
-heavy legs
-affects digestion
- Weight increase
during depletion phase:
-irritability
-can alter the training programme as there may be a lack of
energy.
Warm up - Answer>> Involves:
-pulse raining exercises (jogging)
-stretching
skill based movements
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