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AQA A-level History Weimar & Nazi Germany 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
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AQA A-level History Weimar & Nazi Germany 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
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AQA A-level History Weimar & NaziGermany 2024
Exam Questions and Answers
What was Germany like before WWI? - Answer>> - v. high
population due to nationalistic ideologies
- v. strong economy after 1870
- Weak democracy with a kaiser
Who had the most power during WWI? - Answer>> Ludendorff
and Hindenburg
What made it clear to Ludendorff was on the brink of defeat? -
Answer>> Although the Allied forces had not entered German
territory, they were in retreat along the Western Front.
Why did Ludendorff choose the route of partial democratisation of
the political system? - Answer>> Because Wilson's fourteen
points offered a potential basis for a negotiated peace settlement
but the autocratic political system would be an obstacle to this.
Who persuaded the kaiser to create a democracy and ask for an
armistice? - Answer>> Ludendorff
What were the 3 key 'october reforms'? - Answer>> Prince Max
of Baden was appointed as chancellor
The chancellor was responsible to the Reichstag
The armed forced were put under control of the civil government
Who were the first president and chancellor? - Answer>> Ebert
as president and Prince Max as chancellor
,When did Ebert become chancellor? - Answer>> November
1918
What was the first thing Ebert did? - Answer>> Hold elections
for the constituent assembly
What started the revolution from below?
When did this occur?
What party called this? - Answer>> Workers striked against the
Kaiser
9 Nov 1918
SPD
How did the SPD also pose a threat? - Answer>> They
threatened to withdraw support unless the Kaiser abdicated.
What did this cause Max to do? What caused it?
What happened in the same day? - Answer>> He announced
the Kaiser's abdication in a press statement.
Prince Max resigned and gave it to Ebert, leader of the SPD.
Where and when did naval mutiny occur? - Answer>>
Wilhemshaven into Kiel in October 1918
What happened on the following day? - Answer>> The revolt
spread to the city and workers' and soldiers' councils were
formed.
,What happened to the revolt? - Answer>> It spread quickly to
other ports and cities. despite the government trying to meet their
demands
Who were the members of these revolts? - Answer>> Patriotic
Germans who wanted the Kaiser to abdicate and for the creation
of a democratic government.
What happened on 8 November? - Answer>> A republic was
proclaimed in Bavaria and the Bavarian monarchy was deposed.
Who also announced the abdication? - Answer>> Phillip
Scheidemann
What finally caused the Kaiser to realise he had lost control and
abdicate? - Answer>> He was told by General Groener that the
army would no longer fight for him.
Who was a peace note sent to? - Answer>> Woodrow Wilson in
November 1918
What was the peace note asking for? - Answer>> An armistice
Why did he take 3 weeks to reply? - Answer>> Because he was
suspicious that they were using the request to buy time and
regroup and prepare for a new offensive.
What did Wilson demand?
Did Ludendorff accept? - Answer>> - End of submarine warfare
- Full democratisation of the political system
- Returning of all territory gained.
, It was too much for Ludendorff to accept.
What did Ludendorff try to raise instead?
What did he eventually do after this failed? - Answer>> A last
ditch military effort to resist.
He resigned and fled to Sweden.
How big was the Reichsrat? - Answer>> 67 representatives
from 17 states, proportionate to population
What did the president do? - Answer>> appoint ministers,
dissolve the reichstag and call elections
What were the strengths of the constitution? - Answer>> -
Wider right to vote
Women allowed to vote and become deputies
- Proportional representation allowed even smaller parties to win
seats in the Reichstag
- Full democracy in local and central government.
Prussia could dominate the rest of Germany.
- Clearly set out the terms of rights of the individual
"all equal before the law"
"censorship is forbidden"
- Referendums could be called for by the president, Reichsrat or
by people's request.
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