General Biology Exam 3 Questions & Answers Already Passed!!
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Course
General Biology
Institution
General Biology
Homozygous - An organism that has two identical alleles for a specific trait
Heterozygous - An organism that has two different alleles for a specific trait.
Gregor Mendel - Father of Genetics, studied pea plants and used math and probability to show
how traits would show up in the next generatio...
General Biology Exam 3 Homozygous - An organism that has two identical alleles for a specific trait Heterozygous - An organism that has two different alleles for a specific trait. Gregor Mendel - Father of Genetics, studied pea plants and used math and probability to show how traits would show up in the next generation F1 Generation - the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms., offspring of the p generation F2 Generation - the second generation of offspring, obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation Genes - sections of DNA on a chromosome found in the nucleus and are responsible for an organism's traits. Allele - one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic Haploid - an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes Diploid - of a cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number Dominant - Allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organism's genotype Recessive - Allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organism's genotype Zygote - The cell that results from the union of sperm and ovum Law of Independent Assortment - alleles are all passed on to offspring independently. There is no linking of traits or package transference, each allele segregates independently Law of Segregation - An individual has 2 alleles for a trait. When gametes are produced, each gamete receives only one copy of the allele for a trait Genotype - the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait or set of traits. Phenotype - The physical traits that appear in an individual. Probability - the likelihood of an event occurring. Monohybrid cross - Cross, or mating, between organisms that involves only one pair of contrasting traits Dihybrid cross - Cross, or mating, between organisms involving two pairs of contrasting traits Walter Sutton - introduced the chromosomal theory of inheritance Codominance - Both alleles for a gene are expressed equally. incomplete dominance - creates a blended phenotype; one allele is not completely dominant over the other. ex. white and red snapdragons make pink. Epistasis - when the effect of one gene depends on the presence of one or more 'modifier genes' homologous - chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
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