N 528 Assessment #2 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base – ATI Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers
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ATI Fluid and Electrolytes
Institution
ATI Fluid And Electrolytes
N 528 Assessment #2 Fluid, Electrolyte, and
Acid-Base – ATI Exam Questions With
100% Correct Answers
What assessment is a priority to do with a client with Dehydration ? - answerMental status
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has fluid volume excess. Which of the
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N 528 As sessment #2 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid -Base – ATI Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers What assessment is a priority to do with a client with Dehydration ? - answer✔✔Mental status A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has fluid volume excess. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect? - answer✔✔Hct 34% Fluid volume excess can cause hemodilution and a decreased hematocrit level A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide and notes that the client is confused and lethargic. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? - answer✔✔Sodium 128 mEq/L The nurse should report this finding to the provider and monitor the client for weakened respiratory effort A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has kidney disease. Which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching as containing the lowest amount o f magnesium? - answer✔✔One large hard -boiled egg One large hard -boiled egg contains 5 mg of magnesium. Therefore, the nurse should recommend this food as containing the lowest amount of magnesium. A nurse is assessing a client who has a calcium level of 8 .1 mg/dL. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to assess? - answer✔✔Cardiac Rhythm When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the nurse should first assess the client's cardiac rhythm because this tota l serum calcium level is below the expected reference range. Hypocalcemia can cause ECG changes, bradycardia, or tachycardia A nurse is caring for a client who has a sodium level of 155 mEq/L. Which of the following IV fluids should the nurse anticipate th e provider to prescribe? - answer✔✔A sodium level of 155 mEq/L is an indication of hypernatremia. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for a hypotonic solution. The 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypotonic solution used to provide free water and treat ce llular dehydration, which promotes waste elimination by the kidneys. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypomagnesemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - answer✔✔Hyperactive deep -tendon reflexes. Other expected findings include muscle cramps, numbness, and tingling. Increased BP, Decreased bowel sounds and insomnia A nurse is assessing a client who has a phosphorus level of 2.4 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - answer✔✔This phosphorus level is belo w the expected reference range. The nurse should expect the client to have slow peripheral pulses. Decrease in cardiac output. Weakness of skeletal muscles and rhabdomyolysis, which is acute muscle breakdown. Assess for manifestations of kidney failure. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing respiratory distress as a result of pulmonary edema. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - answer✔✔Initiate high -flow oxygen therapy by face mask at 5 to 6 L/min to keep the client's oxygen saturation above 90%. cardiac manifestations of pulmonary edema - answer✔✔premature ventricular contractions and dysrhythmias A nurse is planning care for a client who has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. The nurse should plan to monitor the client f or which of the following findings? - answer✔✔orthostatic hypotension, which places them at risk for falls. Weakening of the respiratory muscles and shallow respirations, weak and thready pulse. weak hand grip strength and weak deep -tendon reflexes. A nurs e is providing teaching to a client who is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis following surgery. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - answer✔✔"I will use the incentive spirometer every hour. " Respiratory depression and limited chest expansion are both causes of respiratory acidosis. Using an incentive spirometer will promote adequate chest expansion. Dehydration can cause what type of acid -base imbalance - answer✔✔metabolic acidosis The clie nt is short of breath, appears restless, and has a respiratory rate of 28/min. The client's ABG results are pH 7.52, PaO2 89 mm Hg, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and HCO3 - 24 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - answer✔✔Calming the client shoul d decrease the respiratory rate, which will cause the client's carbon dioxide levels to increase to expected levels of 35 to 45 mm Hg and lower the pH to expected levels of 7.35 to 7.45. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is receiving regular insulin by continuous IV infusion to treat diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - answer✔✔Serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L. Hypokalemia is a serious complication that can occur when a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis is receiving insulin to treat the condition. The nurse should report this finding to the provider. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has venous insufficiency of the lower extremities. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - answer✔✔Venous insufficiency makes it difficult for blood flow to return to the heart. Elevating the feet will increase venous return. The client should elevate their feet for at least 20 min several times per day. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and is receiving furosemide. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as containing the greatest amount of potassium? - answe r✔✔1 cup plain yogurt One cup of plain yogurt contains 380 g of potassium. Therefore, the nurse should recommend this food as containing the greatest amount of potassium. A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - answer✔✔A client who has respiratory acidosis will experience confusion from a lack of cerebral perfusion. Pale, cyanotic, dry skin is a manifestation of respiratory acidosis, as ineffective breathing causes a lack of perfusion to the tissues. As acidosis increases, hyperkalemia can occur, causing muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis, and hyporeflexia. Manifestations of metabolic acidosis. - answer✔✔Facial flushing and warmth A nurse is admitting a client who takes 40 mg furosemide daily for heart failure and has experienced 3 days of vomiting. The nurse suspects hypokalemia. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to adm inister? - answer✔✔0.9% sodium chloride with 10 mEq/L of potassium chloride at 100 mL/hr The typical amount of potassium chloride to administer IV in case of hypokalemia - answer✔✔10 mEq/hr, not to exceed 20 mEq/hr. The dilution should be 1 mEq of potassiu m chloride to 10 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride. IV solution given to treat hyperkalemia - answer✔✔Dextrose 10% in water with 10 units of insulin High -ceiling loop diuretics to treat hyperkalemia - answer✔✔bumetanide an electrolyte cation exchange medication t hat is given to treat hyperkalemia - answer✔✔Sodium polystyrene sulfonate A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are pH 7.32, PaO2 74 mm Hg, PaCO2 56 mm Hg, and HCO3 - 26 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret these laboratory values as which of the following imbalances? - answer✔✔Respiratory acidosis
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