Exam (elaborations)
BIOL 2200 Manson Exam 1- Lecture 2.
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BIOL 2200 Manson Exam 1- Lecture 2.
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BIOL2200
Manson
Exam
1-
Lecture
2
Aristotle
-
ANS-earliest
philosopher;
species
are
FIXED;
scale
of
nature:
low
complexity
to
high
complexity
James
Hutton
-
ANS-geologist;
gradualism-earth
is
old
and
shaped
by
small
SLOW
changes
Thomas
Malthus
-
ANS-economist;
"Essay
of
the
Principle
of
Population";
human
population
growth
is
LIMITED
BY
RESOURCES
Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck
-
ANS-naturalist;
organisms
change
due
to
environment,
traits
that
are
used
IMPROVE
AND
ARE
INHERITED
by
offspring
(wrong);
increasingly
complex
species
Lamarckian
Inheritance
-
ANS-traits
change
because
of
need,
INHERIT ANCE
OF
ACQUIRED
-during
lifetime-
TRAITS
(wrong)
August
Weismann
-
ANS-biologist
who
tested
Larmarckian
inheritance;
acquired
traits
are
NOT
inherited
by
offspring;
chopped
tail
parents
produce
normal
tail
offspring;
"Essays
on
Heredity"
Georges
Cuvier
-
ANS-paleontologist;
fossils
as
1ST
EVIDENCE
OF
EXTINCTION;
new
species
are
due
to
immigration
after
"sudden
events"
(wrong)
Charles
Lyell
-
ANS-geologist;
"Principles
of
Geology";
the
processes
that
shape
the
earth
are
gradual
and
HAVE
BEEN
UNIFORM
OVER
TIME
Charles
Darwin
-
ANS-naturalist;
voyage
on
the
HMS
Beagle;
observations
on
the
voyage
led
him
to
think
about
how
species
arise
Darwin
1837
-
ANS-draws
1st
phylogenetic
tree
Darwin
1844
-
ANS-wrote
his
essay
on
descent
with
modification
Alfred
Russell
Wallace
-
ANS-naturalist;
sent
Darwin
HIS
hypothesis
of
natural
selection
FIRST
in
1858
On
the
Origin
of
Species
-
ANS-Darwin
published
it
in
1859;
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