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CIULLA AUBF EXAM LATEST UPDATE
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CIULLA AUBF EXAM LATEST UPDATEWhy is the first-voided morning urine specimen the most desirable
specimen for routine urinalysis?
A. Most dilute specimen of the day and therefore any chemical
compounds present will not exceed the detectability limits of the
reagent strips
B. Least likely to be contaminated with microorganisms because the
bladder is a sterile environment
C. Most likely to contain protein because the patient has been in the
orthostatic position during the night
D. Most concentrated specimen of the day and therefore it is more
likely that abnormalities will be detected
D. Most concentrated specimen of the day and therefore it is more
likely that abnormalities will be detected
First-voided morning urine
- is most desirable for chemical and microscopic analysis since it is
the most concentrated specimen.
- Protein, nitrite and specific gravity, sediment examination prefers
this sx.
Glucose metabolism is better assessed in postprandial specimen.
The physical characteristic of color is assessed when a routine
urinalysis is performed. What substance is normally found in urine
that is principally responsible for its yellow coloration?
A. Bilirubin
B. Melanin
C. Carotene
,D. Urochrome
D. Urochrome
- yellow-brown pigment derived from urobilin
- principally responsible for the yellow coloration of normal urine
- excreted at a constant rate (no diurnal variation)
- Color of normal urine (range from straw to deep amber)
- Dependent on the concentrating ability of the kidney and the volume
of urine excreted.
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In certain malignant disorders, what substance is found in the urine
that turns the urine dark brown or black on exposure of the urine to
air?
A. Urobilinogen
, B. Indican
C. Melanin
D. Porphyrin
C. Melanin
- substance derived from tyrosine
- responsible for the pigmentation of the eyes, skin, and hair
Melanomas
- malignancy
- tumor or mole takes on a darkly pigmented appearance because of
the melanin present.
Metastatic melanoma
- melanogen (colorless) precursor of melanin is excreted in the urine.
- If the urine is allowed to stand at RT for 24 hrs, the melanogen is
oxidized to melanin (dark brown or black)
Qualitative screening tests = ferric chloride or sodium nitroprusside
as the oxidation reagent systems.
What is the expected pH range of a freshly voided urine specimen?
A. 3.5-8.0
B. 3.5-9.0
C. 4.0-8.5
D. 4.5-8.0
D. 4.5-8.0
pH
- representative symbol for the hydrogen ion conc.
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