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HDFS - Lifespan Exam 1 with complete solutions
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HDFS - Lifespan Exam 1
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HDFS - Lifespan Exam 1T/F: the science of human development is the study of how and why people change as they grow older, as well as, how and why they remain the same - Answer- True
T/F: An experiment is always the best way to investigate a developmental issue - Answer- False
science of human development - Answer- seeks to understand how and why people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time
How do we know about development? - Answer- crying babies - immediate comfort v. let them be spanking - best way v. never divorce - if they are unhappy its better for the children if they do v. regardless of circumstances they do not
5 steps of the scientific method - Answer- 1. curiosity - why are they that way?
2. develop hypothesis - it's a possibility these things happen under this circumstance 3. test hypothesis - design and conduct research; gather empirical evidence 4. draw conclusions - support or refute hypothesis 5. report results - share data, conclusions, alternate explanations
Nature - Answer- traits, capacities, limitations each individual inherits genetically
Nurture - Answer- all environmental influences that affect development
Domains of Human Development - Answer- 1. Biological Development
2. Cognitive Development
3. Psychological Development
Age ranges for different periods (widely accepted) - Answer- 0-2 = infancy 2-6 = early childhood 6-11 = middle childhood 11-18 = adolescence 18-25 = emerging adulthood 25-65 = adulthood 65+ = late adulthood characteristics of development - Answer- 1. multidirectional 2. patterns of development growth 3. multicontextual 4. multicultural
multidirectional ** - Answer- how do human characteristics change in every direction to reflect development as multidirectional?
multicontextual - Answer- the view that in the study of human development the person should be considered in all the contexts and interactions that constitute a life (refer to graphic)
microsystem - Answer- the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment
such as family, classroom, peer group, religious class
Exosystem - Answer- social settings that a person may not experience firsthand but that
still influence development such as the media, community, medical institution, school system
Macrosystem - Answer- consists of cultural values, laws, customs, and resources (social conditions and economic patterns)
Mesosystem - Answer- connections between microsystems
Chronosystem - Answer- in the bioecological model, historical changes that influence the other systems (9/11 and the earth)
cohort - Answer- A group of individuals of the same age who move through life together,
experiencing the same historical events and cultural shifts (Baby boomer, Class of XYZ,
etc.)
socioeconomic status - Answer- A person's position in society as determined by income,
wealth, occupation, education, place of residence, and other factors
culture - Answer- the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
ethnic group - Answer- Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characteristics
race - Answer- A group of people who are regarded by themselves or by others as distinct from other groups on the basis of physical appearance, typically skin color.
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