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BIO 235 (Kovacs) Exam 1 Questions With Verified Answers

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BIO 235 (Kovacs) Exam 1 Questions With Verified Answers how many chromosomes do most prokaryotes have? one how many copies of their chromosome(s) do prokaryotes have? one what organisms undergo binary fission? bacterial cells why do bacterial chromosomes get replicated before the...

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  • May 17, 2024
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BIO 235 (Kovacs) Exam 1 Questions With
Verified Answers
how many chromosomes do most prokaryotes have?
one


how many copies of their chromosome(s) do prokaryotes have?
one


what organisms undergo binary fission?
bacterial cells


why do bacterial chromosomes get replicated before the cell divides?
so each daughter cell receives one copy


do eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells require more genetic information?
eukaryotic


what is required in order to pass complements of chromosomes to the next generation?
a sorting mechanism


structures within living cells that contain the genetic material
chromosome


what is the genetic material in chromosomes?
DNA


what provides an organized structure in chromosomes?
proteins


what is the DNA-protein complex called in eukaryotes?
chromatin


what is the DNA-protein complex called in prokaryotes?
nucleoid


the constricted region joining the two sister chromatids that make up an X-shaped chromosome and
the site where kinetochore is formed
centromere


a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of
the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes
telomere

, a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated
origins of replication


a protein structure that forms on a chromatid during cell division and allows it to attach to a spindle
fiber on a chromosome
kinetochore


members of a pair of chromosomes
homologs


two homologs form what?
homologous pair


what are the similarities between two chromosomes in a homologous pair?
they are nearly identical in size, have the same banding pattern and centromere location, and they
have the same genes but not necessarily the same alleles


how many sets of chromosomes do diploid cells have?
two


how many sets of chromosomes do haploid cells have?
one


an organized representation of the metaphase chromosomes within a diploid eukaryotic cell
karyotype


chromosomes that come in pairs (homologs) are called what?
autosomes


are the sex chromosomes, X and Y, homologous and why?
no because they differ in size and genetic composition, but they do have regions of homology


why do eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis?
to ensure that the daughter cells receive one complete set of chromosomes (one copy of each
chromosome)


what is the repeating pattern of cell growth followed by cell division called?
cell cycle


what are the phases G1, S, and G2 collectively called?
interphase


during what phase in interphase does the cell grow in volume?
G1

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