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Nursing 230 test #1 Questions with Complete Solutions
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Nursing 230 test #1 Questions with Complete Solutions
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Nursing 230 test #1 Questions with Complete SolutionsOsteoblasts do what? Correct Answer-synthesize new tissue
Osteoclasts do what? Correct Answer-break down bone tissue
Ossification Correct Answer-process of deposition of new bone by osteoblasts
Resorption Correct Answer-process of removal of old bone by osteoclasts
two types of bone cells that play a significant role in bone re-
modelization? Correct Answer-osteoblasts and osteoclasts
wolff's law of remodeling bone? Correct Answer-bone will remodel itself over time to become stronger if loading on a particular bone increases (helps pull calcium back in)
Epiphyseal plate (AKA growth plate)... injury to this plate in a growing child can cause? Correct Answer-can cause cessation of new bone formation at the growth plate
isometric contractions Correct Answer-increase tension within muscle but do not cause movement isotonic contractions Correct Answer-shortens the muscle to cause movement
ligaments connect? Correct Answer-bone to bone
-have poor blood supply
tendons connect? Correct Answer-muscles to bone -have poor blood supply
fascia Correct Answer-a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle -BUT can only stretch so much
effects of aging for musculoskeletal? Correct Answer--altered balance/proprioception
-decreased strength
-decreased flexibility
-decreased muscle mass -loss of water vertebral discs
-deterioration of cartilage
-slow bone remodeling
-decreased metabolism Active ROM Correct Answer-the patient actively moves all joints/limbs independently
Passive ROM Correct Answer-the nurse or someone else assists or moves the patient's joints through ROM
when evaluating ROM and orthopedic assessments what is key? Correct Answer-symmetry
Whenever there is an interruption to the blood supply, the muscles and nerves become? Correct Answer-ischemic -ischemia can occur within 4-8 hrs
damage to nerves begins within how long? Correct Answer-30 minutes
damage to muscles occurs within how long? Correct Answer-2 to 4 hours
irreversible damage occurs within how long? Correct Answer-12 hours
neuromuscular assessment: always asses what to the injury? Correct Answer-distal!
the 6 parameters for monitoring neuromuscular assessment are? Correct Answer--pain -paresthesia -paralysis -pallor
-polar -pulse
1st P: pain is expected but uncontrollable pain can be an early sing of? Correct Answer-compartment syndrome -pain is usually not received by analgesics
2nd P: pallor Correct Answer-absence of color from the skin
3rd P: pulse Correct Answer-check pulses distal to injury
-absent pulse is a LATE sign of neuromuscular compromise
4th P: Paresthesia Correct Answer--Decreased sensation to the extremities
-Sensation should be present
-Patient should be able to "feel" each digit
5th P: paralysis Correct Answer--Motor function is checked for the ability to move purposefully
-The patient should be able to perform fine motor movement without difficulty
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