Penn Foster Pharmacology Proctor Exam Practice 100% Solved
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Course
Penn Foster Pharmacology
Institution
Penn Foster Pharmacology
Penn Foster Pharmacology Proctor Exam
Practice 100% Solved
Indications - answerreasons for giving a drug
contraindications - answerreasons to not give a drug
legend drugs - answerdrugs that have the ability to cause serious harm if misused, must be
regulated by the FDA as prescription drugs.
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Penn Foster Pharmacology Proctor Exam Practice 100% Solved Indications - answer✔✔reasons for giving a drug contraindications - answer✔✔reasons to not give a drug legend drugs - answer✔✔drugs that have the ability to cause serious harm if misused, must be regulated by the FDA as prescription drugs. Contain a caution statement "caution federal law restricts the use of this drug to use/by/or on th e order of a licensed veterinarian." veterinarian client relationship - answer✔✔vet takes responsibility for making decisions based on need for treatment and the client agreeing to follow the vets' instructions. Decision must be made with a sufficient amou nt of information of the animal. regimen - answer✔✔plan for drug administration, printed on medication label ROUTE: of administration DOSAGE: amount of drug given FREQUENCY: how often to give drug DURATION: how long to give the drug t.i.d q.i.d b.i.d - answer✔✔three times a day (ter in die) four times a day (quater in die) twice a day (bis in die) Pharmacokinetics - answer✔✔complex series of events involving how the body reacts to the movement of drugs in the body. Occurs after drug administration Pharmaco dynamics - answer✔✔study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanism of action in the body. Routes of Administration (11) - answer✔✔oral: mouth intravenous: vein intramuscular: muscle subcutaneous: tissue beneath skin intradermal: skin intraperitoneal: abdominal cavity intraarterial: artery intraarticular: joint intracardiac: heart intramedullary: marrow (bone) epidural/subdural: spine/near spine nebulizer - answer✔✔device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment (to kill small organisms or open lungs) metered -dose inhaler - answer✔✔handheld device that produces a medicated spray for inhalation. anesthetic gases - answer✔✔gaseous forms given with vaporizers transdermal (topical) dr ugs - answer✔✔drugs placed on the skin (patch) allowing slow absorption over time concentration gradient - answer✔✔drugs moving from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration Bioavailability - answer✔✔measures the amount of drug that gets absorb ed and is available to patient water -soluble drugs - answer✔✔Drugs that dissolve in water and tend to stay in the bloodstream and either stay free or bond to various proteins (albumin) lipid-soluble drugs - answer✔✔drugs absorbed by bodily fats and move ou t of the bloodstream into the interstitial space (between organs and tissues) fat, liver, bone, and kidneys act as storage sites for these drugs. placenta - answer✔✔blood brain barrier preventing blood from entering the brain tissues. may also interfere w ith the absorption of certain drugs. provides nutrients to fetus. drug excretion - answer✔✔the process of eliminating medications, through the liver (bile), kidneys (urine), but also through mammary glands, sweat, feces, and saliva. residues - answer✔✔drugs that will appear in the animal's milk or meat products, can cause allergic reactions or cause bacteria to become resistant to certain antibiotics. can result in cancer. efficacy - answer✔✔degree to which desired effect is achieved potency - answer✔✔amoun t of drug needed to produce desired effect. represented by a dose -responsive curve lethal dose (LD50) - answer✔✔Dose that's lethal to kill 50% of animals given that drug effective dose (ED50) - answer✔✔Dose that produced the desired effect in 50% of anima ls given that drug therapeutic index - answer✔✔LD50/ED50 the ratio between the toxic (LETHAL) and therapeutic (EFFECTIVE) concentrations of a drug adverse drugs reactions - answer✔✔reactions are undesired responses to the drug formulary - answer✔✔book containing drug dosages and a list of adverse reactions proprietary label - answer✔✔trade name of a patented drug generic label - answer✔✔unpatented copy of a drug what must drug labels contain? (6) - answer✔✔-drug names: generic a nd trade -concentration and quantity -name and address of manufacturer -controlled substance status - manufacturer control or lot number - expiration date Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - answer✔✔regulates development and approval of pesticides and establishes water quality standards.
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