Wellness Exam Two With Complete Solutions Graded A+
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Course
Wellness
Institution
Wellness
Wellness Exam Two With Complete Solutions Graded A+
Upper outer quadrant of the breast (tail of spence)
Site of most breast tumors
What is least likely to indicate a possible malignancy
Marked tenderness
Four groups of nodes in breast:
Central axillary node
Pectoral anterior node
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wellness exam two with complete solutions graded a
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Wellness Exam Two With Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Upper outer quadrant of the breast (tail of spence)
Site of most breast tumors
What is least likely to indicate a possible malignancy
Marked tenderness
Four groups of nodes in breast:
Central axillary node
Pectoral anterior node
Subscapular posterior node
Lateral
During embryonic life what is present under the breast
Epidermal ridges (milk line)
At puberty what stimulates breast changes?
Estrogen
Tanner staging
Five stages of breast development
Colostrum
Yellow fluid, rich in antibody, same amount of protein/no fat, produced by breast first few days of
delivery
Lactation
Milk production
1-3 days after postpartum
White color: calcium and fat
After menopause ovarian secretion of what decreases
Estrogen and progesterone causing breast glandular tissue to atrophy
Axillary hair decreases
Lactiferous duct becomes firm because of fibrosis/calcification
Gynecosmastia (male)
During adolescence, it is common for breast tissue to temporary change
What is the second cause of death from cancer in woman
Breast cancer
,Inspect breast: General apperance
Symmetry and shape
Inspect breast: Skin
Even color
Redness, bulging, dimpling, skin lesion, focal vascular pattern, or edema
Pregnancy: blue vascular network, pale linear straie
Inspect breast: lymphatic drainage
Observe bulging, discoloration, edema of axillary and supraclavicular region
Inspect breast: Nipple
Symmetric on same plane
Nipples should protrude (can be flat;inverted)
Note dry scaling, fissure, discharge
Supernumerary nipple is normal
Inspect the breasts:
General apperance
Skin
Nipple
Skin retraction
Lymphatic drainage
Examine axillae while woman is
Sitting
While examining axillae note:
Rashes
Infection
Bulging
Enlarged lymph nodes
Vertical strip method is reccomended for
Breast Self Examination
Wedge method
From nipple palpating out to the periphery following spokes of wheel
Concentric circle method
Palpating in concentric circle out to the periphery
In nulliparous women, normal breast tissue feel:
Firm, smooth, elastic
After pregnancy tissue is softer/looser
, premenstrual engorgement is normal from increasing:
Progesterone
Breast Self Examination
Vertical strip method
Check tail of spain
Check breast with hands on hips
Last inspection of breast is
Nipple
Gently depress nipple with forefinger; tissue should move inward
If woman reports spontaneous nipple discharge
Repeat pressing of aerola inward in a few directions
If woman mentions breast lump she discovered herself...
Examine unaffected breast first
Characteristics of lumps: Location?
Describe distance from nipple in centimeters
Characteristics of lumps: Size?
In centimeter describe width, length, thickness
Characteristics of lumps: Shape
Oval, round, lobulated, or distinct
Characteristics of lumps: Consistency
Soft, firm, or hard
Characteristics of lumps
Size, Shape, Consistency, Movable, Demarcation, Tender, Age, Number, Pattern of Growth, Skin
Retraction, Risk to health
In neonates breast may be enlarged due to
Estrogen
May secrete witch milk
Breast development starts at age of
8-10
Woman over _____ have an increased risk for breast cancer
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