Urine & Body Fluid Analysis Exam 2 QuestioFirst morning - ANSWERSCollect specimen first thing in the morning; most concentrated and often preferred specimen
Random - ANSWERSFor routine screening and can be affected by excess fluid intake or exercise
Timed - ANSWERSCollections for predetermine...
Urine & Body Fluid Analysis Exam 2 Questions & Answers 100% Accurate !!
First morning - ANSWERSCollect specimen first thing in the morning; most concentrated and often preferred specimen
Random - ANSWERSFor routine screening and can be affected by excess fluid intake or exercise
Timed - ANSWERSCollections for predetermined length of time; Collections at a specified time of day
Routine void - ANSWERSRequires no patient prep; Collected by having patient void into appropriate container; Patient normally needs no assistance other than clear directions; Can be random or first morning specimen
Midstream clean catch - ANSWERSFor bacterial cultures or to prevent vaginal contamination; Requires cleaning supplies and additional instructions to patient and sterile container; Requires thorough cleaning and rinsing of glans penis or urethral meatus before collection; Begin urination into toilet, collect midstream portion in container, finish voiding in toilet
Catheterized specimen - ANSWERSRequires collection by medical personnel; Sterile catheter inserted through urethra into bladder; urine flows directly into collection bag; specimen obtained anytime from collection bag
Suprapubic aspiration - ANSWERSRequires collection by medical personnel; involves puncturing of abdominal wall and distended bladder by using needle and syringe; sample aspirated directly from bladder; bladder urine normally is sterile; used principally
for cultures or in infants
Pediatric collections - ANSWERSPlastic urine collection bags that attach with a hypoallergenic skin adhesive are used; patient's perineal area cleaned prior to bag attachment; specimen removed as soon as possible after collection; specimen appropriate for routine testing
Urine preservatives - ANSWERSNeeded if delay is 2 hours or more; refrigeration is the most common technique; 12- and 24-hour timed collections require addition of a chemical preservative to be tested; keep on ice or refrigerate during collection period; check collection manual to identify necessary preservative creatinine, urea, sodium, and chloride - ANSWERSHow can you identify if it's urine?
2 hours - ANSWERSHow long is a urine sample viable for testing?
600-1800 mL/day - ANSWERSWhat is the normal volume?
Isosthenuria - ANSWERSInability of kidneys to change specific gravity of plasma ultrafiltrate
Polyuria - ANSWERSExcretion of greater than 3 mL/day
Oliguria - ANSWERSExcretion of less than 400 mL/day
Anuria - ANSWERSComplete lack of urine excretion
Cloudiness - ANSWERSContamination from skin or vaginal secretions, bacterial growth, or fecal matter; precipitation of dissolved solutes, x-ray contrast media; RBCs, WBCs, epithelial cells. clots, bacteria, casts
Specific gravity - ANSWERSExpression of urine concentration in terms of density; ratio of urine density to the density of an equal volume of pure water under specific conditions; reference range: 1.005 to 1.030; detects all solutes present in urine
Osmolality - ANSWERSConcentration of solution expressed in terms of osmoles of soluble particles per kg of water; reference range: 275 to 900 mOsm/kg; measurements used to evaluate the renal concentrating ability of the kidneys, monitor renal disease, monitor fluid and electrolyte balance, and differentially diagnose the cause of polyuria
Osmole - ANSWERSAmount of substance that dissociates to produce 1 mole of particles in a solution
Blood - ANSWERSDetects RBCs, hemoglobin, and myoglobin
Leukocyte Esterase - ANSWERSIncreased numbers of leukocytes in urine indicates inflammation, anywhere in urinary
system (kidneys to the lower urinary tract like bladder or urethra). Cleaves ester and forms an aromatic compound, followed by an azo coupling
reaction of the aromatic amine formed with a diazonium salt on the reagent pad. The azo dye causes a color
change from beige to violet
Protein - ANSWERSProteinuria indicates renal disease, problem with filtration and reabsorption. Anincrease in urine protein results from increased plasma proteins overflowing into the urine (prerenal);
renal changes—glomerular, tubular, or both; or inflammation and postrenal sources.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller nursingismylife. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
