TEST BANK FOR GORDIS EPIDEMIOLOGY 6TH EDITION BY DAVID D CELENTANO, MOYSES SZKLO
1. Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?.
a. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year
b. Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
c. Sc...
TEST BANK FOR GORDIS
EPIDEMIOLOGY 6TH EDITION BY
DAVID D CELENTANO, MOYSES
SZKLO
Chapter01: Introduction
MULTIPLE CHOICES
,1. Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?.
a. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year
b. Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
c. Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy
d. Sexual education program in elementary schools
e. Increasing taxes for buying
cigarettesANS: B
Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) is an example in which when a
disease is present the treatment (amputation) is done to reduce the impact of disease by preventing
the tumor from dissemination. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year,
sexual education program in elementary schools, and increasing taxes for buying cigarettes
represent examples of primary prevention. Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of
pregnancy is an example of secondary prevention.
2. This historic character observed was more common among women treated by physicians and
medical students compared with women treated by midwives. Based on his observations, he
implemented a hand wash policy that resulted in adecrease in mortality. Name the character that
we are talking about.
a. John Snow
b. Edward Jenner
c. D.A. Henderson
d. Leon Gordis
e. I g n a z
Semmelweis ANS:
E
Ignaz Semmelweis identified that medical students and physicians transmitted the
,disease by not washing their hands after examining bodies at autopsies and conducting multiple
examinations in the clinic.
3. Thanks to the contributions of Edward Jenner, the following disease was eradicated laterby
efforts organized by D.A. Henderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
ANS: B
Smallpox was eradicated in 1980. Edward Jenner vaccinated James Phipps in 1796 against
smallpox. Almost 200 years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned
D.A. Henderson to lead the efforts to eradicate the disease.
4. Over the past century, a marked decline in the mortality rates of many infectious diseases has been
observed. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the observed declinein mortality rates
from common infectious diseases?
a. Development of penicillin
b. Development of insulin
c. Development of vaccines
d. Improvement in social conditions
e. Worse sanitation and unsafe
waterANS: D
Although medical treatments potentially helped in the decrease of infectious diseases, the
advancement in social conditions played a major role. These improvements include better
sanitation, safe disposal of waste, better nutrition,
, and improvement in housing conditions.
1. Which term most accurately describes the following definition? “The occurrence in a community or
region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health- related events clearly
in excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed.
A Dictionary of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press; 2014.]
a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attack rate
e. I n c u b a t i o n
periodANS: B
2. What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of an infectious disease)?
a. The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms
b. The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset
ofrecognizable symptoms)
c. The time of invasion by an infectious agent
d. The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent
e. The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousnessANS:
B
The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of
clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between themoment of
developing symptoms and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “The time of onset of
clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms” is not true as it corresponds to “time of
onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious agent” is not true as it corresponds to “time of
infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent”
and “The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness”
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