Exam (elaborations)
BSC 108 Exam #3 – Questions & Solutions (100%)
- Course
- Institution
BSC 108 Exam #3 – Questions & Solutions (100%)
[Show more]
1 review
By: sonjabowen71 • 6 months ago
Content preview
BSC 108 Exam #3 – Questions & Solutions (100%)What is DNA composed of? Correct Ans - Nucleotide subunits
What substance makes up the backbone of DNA? Correct Ans - Sugar-
phosphate, made of a sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group.
How many strands of DNA does a DNA molecule contain? Correct Ans - Two
How are the nitrogen bases held together in DNA? Correct Ans - Hydrogen bonds
What are the two pairs of nitrogen bases in DNA? Correct Ans - Adenine & Thymine (A = T)
Guanine & Cytosine (G = C)
How does DNA replicate? Correct Ans - One parent molecule separates
into two complementary strands, each strand is used as a template to make a new strand, and each daughter molecule will contain one old strand and one new strand.
How many strands does RNA have? Correct Ans - One
Does RNA contain thymine? Correct Ans - No, it contains uracil.
Does RNA contain deoxyribose? Correct Ans - No, it contains ribose.
mRNA Correct Ans - messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
tRNA Correct Ans - transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
rRNA Correct Ans - ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome
Transcription Correct Ans - synthesis of mRNA molecule under the direction of DNA. Takes place in the nucleus of a cell. Translation Correct Ans - The synthesis of a polypeptide (later becomes a protein) under the direction of mRNA, occurs in the ribosomes.
Flow of information in a cell Correct Ans - DNA to RNA to Proteins
DNA makes RNA through _________. Correct Ans - transcription
RNA makes protein through _______. Correct Ans - translation
Mutation Correct Ans - A change in the genetic material of a cell.
Point mutation Correct Ans - A change in one base pair of a gene. Can change a gene's protein product.
What does a mutated DNA molecule cause? Correct Ans - Altered mRNA to be transcribed, therefore causing different amino acids to be added to the polypeptide chain.
Frameshift mutation Correct Ans - mutation that shifts the "reading" frame of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
Effects of frameshift mutations Correct Ans - They are extremely likely
to lead to large-scale changes to polypeptide length and chemical composition,
resulting in a non-functional protein that often disrupts the biochemical processes of a cell.
Plasmid Correct Ans - A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes
separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
GMO (genetically modified organism) Correct Ans - Plant or animal whose genetic makeup has been changed.
Transgenic organism Correct Ans - Organisms that contain functional recombinant DNA from a different organism
Restriction enzyme Correct Ans - Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now