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CLC Exam 2022 With Questions and Correct Answers
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CLC Exam 2022 With Questions and Correct Answers
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CLCExam
2022
What
are
green/shiny
stools
a
sign
of?
-
ANS
-sign
of
overproduction
leading
to
less
fat
in
milk,
faster
digestion
causing
not
enough
time
for
lactase
to
digest
the
lactose
in
milk.
An
improved
latch
could
allow
for
more
fat
flow
Signs
of
oversupply
-
ANS
Rapid
weight
gain
in
infant,
unsettled
baby
after
feeding,
recurrent
plugged
ducts
and
mastitis,
painful
feedings,
voluminous
(huge
volumes
of)
stools-
often
green
&
shiny
What
causes
nipple
pain?
-
ANS
Improper
latch-->
need
lactation
support
to
help
with
proper
latch
on,
good
seal
True/false:
baby
should
be
pulled
into
breast.
-
ANS
False!
Do
not
pull
baby
into
breast,
let
baby
tilt
head
back
for
optimal
latch.
Hand
on
back
of
baby's
head
can
interfere
baby's
interoral
function
by
restricting
the
movement
of
the
cranio-cervical
spine-->
causes
nipple
trauma.
Make
sure
crook
of
arm
in
cradle
position
does
not
block
baby
from
being
able
to
fully
tilt
back.
Should
a
latch
be
symmetric
or
asymmetric?
-
ANS
Asymmetric!
A
baby
should
form
a
teat
with
breast
tissue
underneath
the
nipple
as
part
of
a
latch
What
is
a
symmetric
latch
-
ANS
Not
a
good
latch,
causes
nipple
damage
Asymmetric
latch
-
ANS
Optimal
attachment
to
the
breast,
where
the
baby's
lips
are
not
centered
in
relationship
to
the
areolar,
but
rather
vertically
off-centered
with
the
baby's
chin
and
lower
lip
closer
to
the
edge
of
the
areola
than
the
baby's
upper
lip.
A
baby
should
form
a
teat
with
breast
tissue
underneath
the
nipple
as
part
of
a
latch
Do
nipple
creams
work?
-
ANS
Continued
questions
of
effectiveness,
fear
of
ingestion
by
baby
Should
a
frenotomy
be
suggested
for
tongue
tie?
-
ANS
No
study
was
able
to
report
that
frenotomy
led
to
better
long
term
breastfeeding
Tongue
tied
breastfeeder
-
ANS
-complete
feeding
assessment
and
suggest
ways
to
optimize
latch.
-refer
onward
for
diagnosis
(have
PCP
diagnose
TT) -provide
support
What
is
a
fissure
straight
down
the
nipple
evidence
of?
-
ANS
A
symmetric
latch.
Top
lip
needs
to
have
good
seal,
moist
part
of
lip
should
be
touching
nipple,
can
roll
out
top
lip,
to
reduce
injury
during
BF
Is
there
a
deep
latch
with
nipple
stretching?
-
ANS
If
nipple
not
stretched
deeply
into
mouth,
less
oxytocin
flows,
less
fat
is
in
mix.
With
less
fat,
milk
digested
quicker
=
not
enough
time
for
baby
to
make
enough
lactase
to
digest
lactose
in
milk.
What
to
do
for
oversupply?
-
ANS
Decrease
additional
stimulation/milk
removal
if
possible
Consider
block
feeding
(only
nursing
on
one
side
only
per
feeding)
Watch
for
mastitis
Try
australian
posture
(mother
down
under,
baby
on
top)
Consider
donating
to
milk
bank
Consult
with
HCP
for
medical
dx
How
many
mL
considered
oversupply?
-
ANS
normal
milk
production
=
750-1000
mL/day
Thrush
during
BF
-
ANS
painful
for
mother
&
baby.
may
be
visible
or
may
not
(whiteness
that
can't
be
wiped
off)
-mother
will
have
itchy,
flaky,
shiny
skin
-candida
not
found
inside
the
ducts
or
milk
Treatment
of
candida
on
breast
-
ANS
-nystatin
first
line
-flucanizole
second
line
-throw
out
all
yeast
vectors
(pacifiers
sterilize
breast
pumps)
-flucanazole
oral
capsules
may
be
used
to
clean
yeast
vectors
due
to
the
biofilm
created
on
pacifiers
by
candida
What
to
do
if
antifungal
treatment
for
yeast
doesn't
work?
-
ANS
Not
candida
infection!
Reynaud's
Phenomenon
-
ANS
-vasospasm
of
nipple,
recognized
by
triple
color
sign:
from
white-->
blue-->
raspberry
or
bicolor
sign
white
-->
raspberry.
pain
is
extreme
and
spasmodic
(not
continuous)
-this
happens
after
feeding
once
baby's
mouth
comes
off
nipple
has
vasospasm,
feels
like
frostbite treatment
of
reynauds
-
ANS
-prevent/decrease
cold
exposure
-avoid
vasoconstrictive
drugs
such
as
caffeine
and
hypertensive
drugs,
nicotine
-can
use
nifedipine
or
calcium
channel
blocker
Nipple
pain
and
poor
milk
transfer
that
is
persistent
despite
optimal
latch
-
ANS
-can
use
nipple
shield
as
a
test
to
see
if
baby
exerting
too
much
pressure?
-OT
involvement
-in
rare
cases
baby
have
a
strong
sucking
vacuum
as
measured
by
a
pressure
transducer
or
nipple
shield
Clogs/plugs
-
ANS
Palpable
lumps
of
milk
within
the
lumen
or
duct
system,
usually
not
visible.
Solids
dont
get
absorbed...could
be
too
tight
of
a
bra
slowing
flow
of
milk
what
to
do
for
clogs/plugs
-
ANS
Encourage
massage
using
side
of
hand
and
warm
compresses.
Do
double
nursing
by
doubling
up
on
side
of
clog
to
push
it
out.
point
baby's
chin
toward
clog
See
PCP
if
clog
hasnt
moved
in
24-48
hours
or
systemic
symptoms
of
inflammation
(flu
like
s/s)
When
to
call
PCP
for
clog/plug
-
ANS
If
plug
hasn't
moved
in
24-48
hrs
or
systemic
signs
of
inflammation
(flu
like
s/s)
Causes
of
clogs/plug
-
ANS
too
tight
nursing
bra
what
is
a
bleb
-
ANS
small
white
spots
on
the
face
of
the
nipple
that
look
like
milk-filled
blisters.
one
duct
opening
is
usually
covered
what
does
a
bleb
feel
like
-
ANS
painful
stabbing
pinpoint
pain
how
to
get
rid
of
blebs
-
ANS
Same
as
clog
treatment.
Sometimes
need
t
be
lanced
by
HCP
Common
mastitis
-
ANS
-can
be
non-infective
or
infective
-blocked
ducts
from
engorgment,
hurried
feedings,
nipple
shield
(pressure
will
build
until
milk
sneaks
out
of
space,
body
reacts
to
this
like
invader)
causes
of
common
mastitis
-
ANS
-tight
bra
(look
for
indentation
of
breast
straps)
-use
of
breast
shell
or
nipple
shell
-attachment
difficulties
-anemia
in
the
mother -tongue
tie
in
baby
(ineffective
milk
emptying)
s/s
common
mastitis
-
ANS
systemic-
fever,
ill,
malaise,
redness,
pain,
one
inflamed
breast
What
bacteria
causes
infective
mastitis
-
ANS
Staphylococcus
tx
common
mastitis
-
ANS
NSAIDS
first
line
but
make
sure
diagnosed
by
PCP
-must
keep
pumping/breastfeeding
to
keep
milk
flowing.
keeps
breasts
soft/comfortable
to
avoid
abscess
development
Abscess
on
breast
-
ANS
Localized
areas
of
pus
and
necrotic
tissue
that
can
develop
with
a
breast
infection
•Can
develop
in
the
subcutaneous,
intramammary ,
retromammarylayers
•Symptoms
include
pain,
swelling,
redness,
fever,
increased
WBC
count,
palpable
mass
of
pus
forms
in
the
breast
-from
untreated
mastitis
Antibiotics
for
mastitis?
-
ANS
Usually
for
double
mastitis,
not
generally
proscribed
for
one
breast
common
mastitis.
If
treatment
uneffective
consider
anemia,
ductal
or
inflammatory
breast
cancer
Double
mastitis
-
ANS
EMERGENT
AND
UNCOMMON-
tissue
of
both
breasts
inflamed.
organism
cause
of
double
mastitis
-
ANS
strep
-potentially
fatal,
whole
body
inflammation,
sepsis
-not
a
problem
with
milk
signs
of
inflammatory
breast
cancer
-
ANS
-
breast
tissue
is
red,
warm,
has
orange
peel
(peau
d'orange),
pitting
appearance
on
skin
surface
-
breast
mass
may
or
may
not
be
present
True/false:
MRSA
can
look
like
mastitis
when
on
breast
-
ANS
TRUE
can
masquerade
as
mastitis.
might
see
peeling
skin,
pitting.
can
also
cause
lesions
and
abscess.
Abscess
on
breast
is
full
of
...
-
ANS
PUS
not
MILK.
as
many
as
60%
positive
for
MRSA.
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