This document contains an explanation of grammar (modal verbs, passive voice and conjuncitons). It explains what each topic means and explains when to apply which grammar in a sentence. In addition, there is a complete vocabulary of Altissia's words (with English explanation) (things in a human bod...
1.1 Modal verbs
Can, would, should, have to, may, might, will, could
He can speak French
She could swim when she was 7 yers old
Would you like to drive?
He should not play tennis
You have to stop at a red traffic light
Deze gebruik je ook bij waarschijnlijkheid
I will be late tonight
I may be late tonight
I could be late tonight
I might be late tonight
Possibility = may, might, could
I might go on holiday this month
Advice/obligation = should
you should follow a healthy diet if you are going to marathon
Obligation (=verplichting) = have to, must
I have to work form 8.30 tot 5 every day
A polite request = may, can, could
May I please use the bathroom?
Ask for permission = may, can, could/be allowed to
Can we park here?
In het Nederlands:
May – is mogelijk
Might – zou mogelijk zijn
Should – zou moeten
Need – hoeven
Must – moeten
Could – zou kunnen
Can - kan
Tenses (tijden)
Present tense: she should take her medication
Past tense : she should have taken her medication
Present tense: she may/might see a dietician
Past tense : she may/might have seen a dietician
Present tense: the doctors must operate the patient immediately
Past tense : the doctors must have operated the patient immediately
Look also at “English grammar in use” unit 29, 30, 32, 33, 34
, 1.2 Passive voice
I live in Breda = permanent situation
NOT: I am living in Breda = because it is not a temporary situation
I am studying at Avans = a temporary situation
NOT: I study at Avans because it is not a permanent situation
Active or passive
1. Fatty food causes heart failure active
2. Heart failure is caused by fatty foods passive
3. John cooked the food active (because John is doing something)
4. More research needs to be done passive (you don’t know who is doing more research)
5. Doctor those not to operate active (the doctor)
We use the passive when it is more important to say what is done rather than who does it.
the passive can be used even when the speaker is not necessarily agreeing with the statement.
Active sentence:
- Peter builds a house
- Tom walk the dog every day
Passive sentence:
- A house is built by Peter
- The dog is walked every day by Tom
Exercises
Active: Students study personalized diets
Passive: Personalized diets are studied by students
Active: student studied personalized diets
Passive: Personalized diets were studies by students
Active: students have studies personalized diets
Passive: Personalized diets have been studies by student
Active: students had studies personalized diets
Passive: personalized diets had been studied by student
Active: students are studying personalized diets
Passive: personalized diets are being studied diets
Active: students should study personalized diets
Passive: personalized diets should be studied by student
Active: students should have studied personalized diets
Passive: personalized diets should have been studies by students
Active: they can arrange a loan within 3 days
Passive: a loan can be arranged by them within 3 days
Active: Rosa will give a briefing tomorrow
Passive: a briefing will be given tomorrow
Look also at “English grammar in use” unit 42, 43 and 44
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