NURS 3340 Test 2 Questions with complete solutions
preterm Correct Answer-born before 37 weeks
term Correct Answer-born between 38-42 weeks
post-term Correct Answer-born after 42 weeks
low birth weight Correct Answer-less than 2500 g(5lb 8oz)
very low birth weight Correct Answer-weight less than 1500 g (3lb 5oz)
extremely low birth weight Correct Answer-weight less than 1000 g (2 lbs 3 oz)
small for gestational age Correct Answer-weight below 10th percentile on intrauterine growth curves
intrauterine growth restriction Correct Answer-failure for normal fetal growth for any reason (maternal placental or fetal factors)
New Ballard Score Correct Answer-gestational age assessment based on neuromuscular and physical characteristics purpose early intervention and to pick up problems early
look at slides 13-18 for pictures
signs of prematurity Correct Answer--not fixed well posture of extension
- skin translucent and friable, like gel
-abundance of fine body hair(lanugo)
-minimal to absent creases on plantar foot surface
-smaller genitalia, male testes not descended into scrotal sac, abscence of ridges on on scrotum, female prominent clitoris or labial majora
-look small, thin scrawny, long extremities
-head large proportional to body
-unable to coordinate suck and swallow and breathe(born before 32 weeks)
-immature lung tissue (absence of surfactant), cns (regulate body temp), gi system
main problems of respiratory system Correct Answer--lacks surfactant
-prone to atelectasis
-poor cough/gag reflex
-outer edge vaibility- 23-24 weeks
-position prone or side lying to facilitate drainage of musous regurgitate feedings normal apnea (periodic breathing) Correct Answer-5-10 seconds without
bradycardia or color change
apneic spells Correct Answer-cessation of breathing for more than 20 sec or less than 20 seconds when accompanied by cyanosis or bradycardia
sp02 levels for preterm infant Correct Answer-in NICU 88-93% to help prevent retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) or Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
(slides 35-38)
Problems with thermoregulation Correct Answer-thin skin, little insulating sub q fat, little brown fat, lg skin surface area, not fixed well
Neutral Thermal environment Correct Answer-Ideal environmental temperature that allows the infant to maintain a normal body temperature without increase in oxygen consumption or metabolic rate (36.5 - 37.2° C temp maintained/ 97.7 - 99° F)
KNOW slide 60: general principles of neutral thermal environment
Methods of heat loss Correct Answer-evaporation, conduction, convection, radiation
evaporation Correct Answer-conversion of water to vapor Examples:
(wet) Bathing; wet linens, clothes, or diapers;
nursing: drying off in a blanket; keep dry.
Conduction Correct Answer-loss of heat from direct contact with cold objects
examples:
Cold hands, cold stethoscope, cold metal scale; warming the crib pad.
Convection Correct Answer-loss of heat from air movement surrounding
infant
examples:
Drafts, air conditioning, air currents; close the doors of the room or portholes in isolette.
Radiation Correct Answer-loss of heat from being near cold surfaces (not touching)
examples:
Keep baby away from nearby cold surfaces, windows, outside walls; turn on the overhead warmer; (near a cold surface but not touching).
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