Exam (elaborations)
Human Growth and Development (NCE) Questions & answers
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Human Growth and Development (NCE) Questions & answers
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HumanGrowth
and
Development
(NCE)
Jean
Piaget
(Cognitive
Development)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Created
the
stages
of
cognitive
development.
A
structuralist,
he
believed
there
are
universal
stages
of
psychological
development
and
each
stage
represents
a
qualitative
difference
in
the
way
that
the
person
thinks
or
solves
conflict.
He
often
used
his
own
children
to
verify
his
theories.
Sensorimotor
Stage
(Piaget)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-0-2.
Sensations
and
perceptions.
Master
object
permanence.
Emphasis
on
the
senses:
touch,
vision,
motor
(sucking
and
grasping)
Preoperational
Stage
(Piaget)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-2-7.
Motor
skills
are
acquired;
egocentrism
is
strong
but
begins
to
decline;
no
logical
thinking
yet;
most
rapid
period
of
development
Concrete
Operational
Stage
(Piaget)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-7-12.
The
child
develops
the
ability
to
understand
constant
factors
in
the
environment,
rules,
and
higher-order
symbolic
systems.
Conservation
is
developed
here.
Formal
operational
Stage
(Piaget)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-12-adulthood.
Children
develop
the
ability
to
think
logically
in
the
abstract.
They
develop
deductive
reasoning
skills
and
are
capable
of
achieving
post-conventional
moral
reasoning.
Schema
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-cognitive
structures
that
help
us
perceive,
organize,
process,
and
use
information
Lawrence
Kohlberg
(Moral
Development)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Thought
humans
are
intrinsically
motivated
to
explore,
and
become
competent
at
functioning
in,
their
environments.
Morality
is
a
decision
not
a
trait.
Created
the
Stages
of
Moral
Development.
Level
1:
Pre-Conventional
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-people
make
decisions
based
on
how
it
will
impact
them Obedience
and
punishment
orientation
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Pre-Conventional;
How
can
I
avoid
punishment?
Self-interest
orientation
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-2.
Pre-Conventional;
What's
in
it
for
me?
Paying
for
a
benefit.
Level
2:
Conventional
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-based
on
a
desire
to
please
others
&
follow
accepted
values/rules
Interpersonal
accord
and
conformity
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-3.
Conventional;
Social
norms,
the
good
boy/girl
attitude
Authority
and
social-order
maintaining
orientation
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-4.
Conventional;
Law
and
order
morality
Level
3:
Post-Conventional
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Requires
formal
operational
thinking,
morality
is
based
on
universal
principles
applied
to
individual
circumstances
Social
contract
orientation
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-5.
Post-Conventional;
ones
conduct
is
defined
according
to
a
social
contract-
should
be
linked
to
a
common
good,
not
just
focus
on
benefit
to
self
Universal
ethical
principles
(Kohlberg)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-6.
Post-Conventional;
a
hypothetical,
"ideal"
stage
that
few
people
ever
reach.
People
in
this
stage
adhere
to
a
few
abstract,
universal
principles
(e.g.,
equality
of
all
people,
respect
for
human
dignity,
commitment
to
justice)
that
transcend
specific
norms
and
rules.
They
answer
to
a
strong
inner
conscience
and
willingly
disobey
laws
that
violate
their
own
ethical
principles.
Erik
Erikson
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Created
the
stages
of
Psychosocial
Development,
an
8-stage
theory
to
show
how
people
evolve
through
the
life
span.
Each
stage
is
marked
by
a
psychological
crisis
that
involves
confronting
"Who
am
I?"
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